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Music Rudiments
Terms and Signs for Examinations
138
Music
8th Grade
08/10/2017
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Term
a tempo
 Definition
return to the original tempo
Term
accelerando, accel.
 Definition
becoming quicker
Term
adagio
 Definition
a slow tempo (between andante and largo)
Term
ad libitum, ad lib.
 Definition
at the liberty of the performer
Term
agitato
 Definition
agitated
Term
alla, all'
 Definition
in the manner of
Term
allargando, allarg.
 Definition
broadening, becoming slower
Term
allegretto
 Definition
fairly fast (a little slower than allegro)
Term
allegro
 Definition
fast
Term
andante
 Definition
moderately slow; at a walking pace
Term
andantino
 Definition
a little faster than andante
Term
animato
 Definition
lively, animated
Term
arco
 Definition
for stringed instruments: resume bowing after a pizzicato passage
Term
assai
 Definition
much, very much (for example, allegro assai: very fast)
Term
attacca
 Definition
proceed without a break
Term
ben, bene
 Definition
well (for example, ben marcato: well marked)
Term
bewegt
 Definition
moving (agitated, excited)
Term
brillante
 Definition
brilliant
Term
calando
 Definition
becoming slower and softer
Term
cantabile
 Definition
in a singing style
Term
cédez
 Definition
yield; hold the tempo back
Term
col, coll', colla, colle
 Definition
with (for example, coll'ottava: with an added octave)
Term
comodo, commodo
 Definition
at a comfortable, easy tempo
Term
con
 Definition
with
Term
con brio
 Definition
with vigor or spirit
Term
con espressione
 Definition
with expression
Term
con fuoco
 Definition
with fire
Term
con grazia
 Definition
with grace
Term
con moto
 Definition
with movement
Term
con pedale, con ped.
 Definition
with pedal
Term
con sordino
 Definition
with mute
Term
crescendo, cresc.
 Definition
becoming louder
Term
da capo, D.C.
 Definition
from the beginning
Term
dal segno, D.S.
 Definition
from the sign
Term
D.C. al Fine
 Definition
repeat from the beginning and end at Fine
Term
descrecendo, decresc.
 Definition
becoming softer
Term
diminuendo, dim.
 Definition
becoming softer
Term
dolce
 Definition
sweet
Term
dolente
 Definition
sad
Term
e, ed
 Definition
and
Term
espressivo
 Definition
expression, with expression
Term
fermata
 Definition
pause; hold note or rest longer than written value
Term
fine
 Definition
the end
Term
forte
 Definition
loud
Term
fortepiano
 Definition
loud, then suddenly soft
Term
fortissimo
 Definition
very loud
Term
giocoso
 Definition
humorous, joyful
Term
grandioso
 Definition
grand, grandiose
Term
grave
 Definition
slow and solemn
Term
grazioso
 Definition
graceful
Term
langsam
 Definition
slow
Term
largamente
 Definition
broadly
Term
larghetto
 Definition
not as slow as largo
Term
largo
 Definition
very slow and broad
Term
legato
 Definition
smooth
Term
léger
 Definition
light, lightly
Term
leggiero
 Definition
light, nimble, quick
Term
lentement
 Definition
slowly
Term
lento
 Definition
slow
Term
l'istesso tempo
 Definition
the same tempo
Term
loco
 Definition
return to normal register
Term
ma
 Definition
but (for example, ma non troppo: but not too much)
Term
maestoso
 Definition
majestic
Term
mano destra, M.D.
 Definition
right hand
Term
mano sinistra, M.S.
 Definition
left hand
Term
marcato, marc.
 Definition
marked or stressed
Term
martellato
 Definition
strongly accented, hammered
Term
mässig
 Definition
moderate, moderately
Term
meno
 Definition
less
Term
meno mosso
 Definition
less movement, slower
Term
mesto
 Definition
sad, mournful
Term
mezzo forte
 Definition
moderately loud
Term
mezzo piano
 Definition
moderately soft
Term
mit
 Definition
with
Term
mit Ausdruck
 Definition
with expression
Term
M.M.
 Definition
metronome marking (Maelzel's Metronome)
Term
moderato
 Definition
at a moderate tempo
Term
modéré
 Definition
at a moderate tempo
Term
molto
 Definition
much, very
Term
morendo
 Definition
dying, fading away
Term
mouvement
 Definition
tempo, motion
Term
non
 Definition
not
Term
non troppo
 Definition
not too much
Term
ottava, 8va
 Definition
the interval of an octave
Term
pedale, ped.
 Definition
pedal
Term
pesante
 Definition
weighty, with emphasis
Term
pianissimo
 Definition
very soft
Term
piano
 Definition
soft
Term
più
 Definition
more
Term
più mosso
 Definition
more movement, quicker
Term
pizzicato
 Definition
for stringed instruments: pluck the string instead of bowing
Term
poco
 Definition
little
Term
poco a poco
 Definition
little by little
Term
polychord
 Definition
combination of two or more different chords
Term
prestissimo
 Definition
as fast as possible
Term
presto
 Definition
very fast
Term
prima, primo
 Definition
first; the upper part of a duet
Term
prima volta
 Definition
first time
Term
quartal chord
 Definition
chord built on a series of 4ths
Term
quasi
 Definition
almost, as if
Term
quindicesima alta, 15ma
 Definition
two octaves higher
Term
rallentando, rall.
 Definition
slowing down
Term
risoluto
 Definition
resolute
Term
ritardando, rit.
 Definition
slowing down gradually
Term
ritenuto, riten.
 Definition
suddenly slower, held back
Term
rubato
 Definition
a flexible tempo using slight variations of speed to enhance musical expression
Term
scherzando
 Definition
playful
Term
schnell
 Definition
fast
Term
seconda, secondo
 Definition
second; the lower part of a duet
Term
seconda volta
 Definition
second time
Term
sehr
 Definition
very
Term
semplice
 Definition
simple
Term
sempre
 Definition
always, continuously
Term
senza
 Definition
without
Term
sforzando
 Definition
a sudden strong accent of a single note or chord
Term
simile
 Definition
continue in the same manner as indicated
Term
sonore
 Definition
sonorous
Term
sopra
 Definition
above
Term
sostenuto
 Definition
sustained
Term
sotto voce
 Definition
softly, subdued, under the breath
Term
spiritoso
 Definition
spirited
Term
staccato
 Definition
detached
Term
stringendo
 Definition
pressing, becoming faster
Term
subito
 Definition
suddenly
Term
tacet
 Definition
be silent
Term
tempo
 Definition
speed at which music is performed
Term
Tempo primo, Tempo I
 Definition
return to the original tempo
Term
tenuto
 Definition
held, sustained
Term
tranquillo
 Definition
quiet, tranquil
Term
tre corde
 Definition
three strings: release the left piano pedal
Term
troppo
 Definition
too much
Term
tutti
 Definition
a passage for the entire ensemble
Term
una corda
 Definition
one string: depress the left piano pedal
Term
vite
 Definition
fast
Term
vivace
 Definition
lively, brisk
Term
vivo
 Definition
lively
Term
volta
 Definition
time
Term
volti subito, v.s.
 Definition
turn the page quickly
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