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| Instrumental music free of a text or any preexisting program; symphonies, sonatas, quartets, and other instrumental music without extramusical or programmatic references |
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| A genre of song for voice and piano accompaniment with high artistic aspirations |
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| Dramatic dance in which the characters, using various stylized steps and pantomime, tell a story |
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| A style of singing and a type of Italian opera developed in the nineteenth century that features the beautiful tone and brilliant technique of the human voice |
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| The concluding fast aria in which the increased speed of the music allows one of more soloists to race off stage at the end of a scene or act |
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| A contrapuntal form in which the individual voices enter and each in turn duplicates exactly the melody that the first voice played or sang |
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| A small, percussive keyboard instrument using hammers to strike metal bars, thereby producing a bright, bell-like sound |
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| To strike the string, not with the usual front of the bow, but with the wooden back, creating a noise evocative of the crackling of hellfire |
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| Constructing chords on the five additional notes (the chromatic notes) within the full twelve note chromatic scale. |
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| Works of only a brief minute of two, captured essence of a single mood, sentiment, or emotion |
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| A one-movement work of programmatic content originally intended for the concert hall |
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| When a violinist can hold (stop) two and sometimes more strings simultaneously and sweep across them with a bow |
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