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Music 100 Exam #2
Part II Exam for Music 100
38
Music
Undergraduate 2
07/13/2009

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Term
improvisation
Definition
Process of simultatneously composing and performing music.
Term
ethos
Definition
Moral and ethical qualities of music
Term
acoustics
Definition
Science of sound
Term
modes
Definition
Seven-note scales within the range of an octave
Term
classical style
Definition
Restrained, objective style of art
Term
romantic style
Definition
Emotional, subjective style of art
Term
Medieval period
Definition
The period from about 500 to 1450 CE
Term
linear polyphony
Definition
Polyphonic music conceived without an intention that the combined melody lnes should form chordal or harmonic combinations
Term
unison
Definition
Production of music by several voices or instruments at the same pitch, performed at the same octave or at different octaves.
Term
a cappella
Definition
Unaccompanied group singing
Term
Gregorian chant
Definition
music to which portions of the Catholic service are sung. The texture is monophonic, the timbre that of unaccompanied voices.
Term
drone
Definition
A sustained or repeated tone
Term
organum
Definition
Earliest form of polyphony
Term
canon
Definition
A polyphonic composition in which all the voices perform the same melody, beginning at different times.
Term
ostinato
Definition
A persistently repeated melodic or rhythmic pattern.
Term
Age of Humanism
Definition
A period, characterized by a new optimism, that began in fourteenth-century Italy and spread throughout western Euripe during the Renaissance.
Term
Mass
Definition
Roman Catholic worship service.
Term
liturgy
Definition
The text and formal arrangement of a religious service
Term
Renaissance
Definition
Means "rebirth." It refers to the period of renewed interest in the classical arts of ancient Greece and Rome that began in the early fifteenth century and dominated the styles of Western music from 1450 to 1600.
Term
Protestant Reformation
Definition
Protestant movement, led by Martin Luther, against certain tenets of the Catholic church.
Term
Counter-Reformation
Definition
Catholic response to the Protestant Reformation; it proposed certain reforms, including some related to church music.
Term
Netherlands, Flanders
Definition
Area of northern Europe where the musical Renaissance began.
Term
Golden Age of Polyphony
Definition
Term for the Renaissance, when polyphonic texture was prevalent and particularly beautiful.
Term
Renaissance motet
Definition
Religious vocal composition that is through-composed, polyphonic in texture, sung in Latin, and invariably serene and worshipful.
Term
word painting
Definition
Musical illustrations of verbal concepts.
Term
through-composed
Definition
A form containing new music throughout
Term
imitative polyphony
Definition
Technique in which each phrase of a composition is addressed by all the voices, which enter successively in imitation of each other.
Term
hymn
Definition
Religious song, strophic in form, with freely written text, approporate for congregational singing.
Term
chorale
Definition
Characteristic hymn introduced by Martin Luther.
Term
strophic form
Definition
The most popular song form, having two or more stanzas all set to the same music.
Term
psalm tunes
Definition
Tuneful setting for the 150 psalms in versions suitable for congregational singing.
Term
madrigal
Definition
Secular song introduced in Italy that became popular in England as well. Polyphonic in texture and expressive in mood, madrigals are written in the vernacular.
Term
lute
Definition
Plucked string instrument; the instrument most widely used in the sixteenth century.
Term
viol
Definition
Most popular bowed string instrument of the Renaissance.
Term
clavichord
Definition
Keyboard instrument capable of producing subtle changes of volume and even a slight vibrato.
Term
vibrato
Definition
Rapid variation of pitch lending warmth to the tone of a voice or instrument.
Term
recorder
Definition
End-blown wind instrument, sometimes called a whistle flute, developed in the Middle Ages and very popular in the Renaissance.
Term
consort
Definition
Ensemble of several members of the same instrument family.
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