Term
| ______________ is a chronic, progressive autoimmune inflammatory disease of insidious onset that involves a loss of range of motion in the joints of the spine, sacrum and can include proximal ribs |
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Definition
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Term
| A chronic inflammatory disease of the axial joints, especially the SI joint |
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Definition
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Term
| approximately 90% of patients with ankylosing spondylitis test positive for this protein |
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Definition
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Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis is primarily associated with a disorder of HLA ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| ________________ is associated with bacteria in the bowel, in addition to HLA-B27 |
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Definition
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Term
| Sedimentation rate is most significantly affected by which condition of the blood |
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Definition
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Term
| an arthritis developed as a hyper-immune response to a recent infection |
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Definition
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Term
| a syndrome described by the triad of urethritis, arthritis, and conjunctivitis |
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Definition
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Term
| pannus formation in this type of arthritis |
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Definition
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Term
| osteoclastic activity in rheumatoid arthritis driven by this product of T cells and synovial fibroblasts |
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Definition
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Term
| the most common form of childhood arthritis |
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Definition
| juvenile idiopathic rheumatoid arthritis |
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Term
| an asymmetrical arthritis set off within one month of an infection |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ankylosis; bony reactivity; cartilage loss and joint-space narrowing; distribution; erosions of bone; soft-tissue swelling |
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Term
| an arthritis in which studies have shown that there is a trafficking of lymphocytes from the gut wall to the synovial lining of joints |
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Definition
| arthritis of inflammatory bowel disease |
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Term
| an arthritis that is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of insidious onset with systemic manifestiations including skin, blood vessels, heart, lungs, and muscle. principally it produces a symmetric polyarthritis generally affecting mainly small joints in the hands and feet, as well as larger joints such as the wrists and shoulders. the arthritis is a sterile proliferative and inflammatory synovitis progressing to destruction of the cartilage and ankylosis of the joint |
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Definition
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Term
| absence of HLA-B27 in a patient with definitive AS increases the likely hood of associated ________________________ |
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Definition
| inflammatory bowel syndrome |
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Term
| extra-articular manifestations of ankylosing arthritis |
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Definition
| iritis, pulmonary fibrosis, cardiac conduction system abnormalities including third degree AV block |
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Term
| males are more likely than females to have this type of joint involvement in psoriatic arthritis |
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Definition
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Term
| _________________ is a complication of long-standing rheumatoid arthritis, and is defined by the presence of 3 conditions: rheumatoid arthritis, an enlarged spleen (splenomegaly), and an abnormally low white blood count (granulocytopenia) |
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Definition
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Term
| _______________ is a chronic, slowly progressive, inflammatory autoimmune disease of insidious onset that is characterized by lymphocytic (CD4+ T-cell and B-cell) infiltration of exocrine glands, especially the salivary and lacrimal glands, and sometimes including the pancreas |
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Definition
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Term
| these proteins are detected in 90% of patients with primary Sjogren's disease |
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Definition
| Ribonuclear proteins SS-A (To) and SS-B (La) |
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Term
| two primary symptoms of Sjogren's syndrome |
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Definition
| keratoconjunctivits (xerophthalmia) and dry mouth (xerosomia) |
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Term
| most common septic arthritis in young adults |
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Definition
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Term
| is gonococcal arthritis higher in incidence in men or women? |
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Definition
| women (related to menses) |
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Term
| most common site of an infective arthritis |
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Definition
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Term
| Seeding via hematogenous spread usually from the lung, causing osteomyelitis and confluent granulomas with central caseous necrosis development in the joint is seen in this type of arthritis |
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Definition
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Term
| viral origins of viral arthritis |
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Definition
| parvovirus B19, rubella, and hepatitis B or C |
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Term
| type of crystal in "classic" gout |
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Definition
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Term
| type of crystal in "pseudogout" |
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Definition
| calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate |
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Term
| lack of the enzyme hypoxantine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase can elevate uric acid production in this disease process |
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Definition
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Term
| one form of pseudogout associated with a mutation in the ANKH gene |
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Definition
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Term
| a common hereditary disease in which iron accumulates in the body and can cause osteo-arthritis like symptoms |
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Definition
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Term
| severely degenerated joints secondary to the loss of innervation |
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Definition
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Term
| a type of arthritis in which benign neoplasms that develop in the synovial linings of joints, tendon sheaths and bursae |
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Definition
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Term
| specific deformities common to spina bifida |
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Definition
| clubfoot, hip dislocations, and vertical tali |
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Term
| a risk factor for both metatarsus adductus and tibial torsion is thought to include this condition in utero |
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Definition
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Term
| percentage of cases of scoliosis that are congenital |
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Definition
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Term
| ________________ is an autosomal dominant congenital disorder of skeletal development with deficient and imperfect ossification of the bones midline bones especially those formed membrane (clavicle, cranium, pelvis); it appears to be a mutation in a transcription factor Runx2/CBFA1, which controls osteoblast differentiation |
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Definition
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Term
| _______________ is a congenital disorder featuring an abnormally high position scapula that failed to descent to the normal position during development, and can be accompanied by webbing of the skin between the neck and scapula |
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Definition
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Term
| the most common adolescent hip disorder |
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Definition
| slipped capital femoral epiphysis |
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Term
| an idiopathic congenital syndrome characterized by contractures and rigid joint deformities involving multiple joints, usually caused by amyoplasia (loss of muscle) |
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Definition
| arthrogryposis multiplex congenital |
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Term
| diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis |
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Definition
| a degenerative process with subsequent ossification of anterior longitudinal ligament, involving at least 4 segments and adjacent intervertebral discs |
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Term
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Definition
| dead pieces of bone insolated in an osteomyelitic infection |
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Term
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Definition
| live bone that surrounds the dead bone in an osteomyelitic infection |
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Term
| birth position associated with 50% of cases of congenital/developmental dysplasia of the hip |
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Definition
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Term
| percentage of cases of talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) that are congenital in nature |
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Definition
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Term
| definition of osteoporosis |
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Definition
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Term
| osteomalacia vs. osteoporosis |
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Definition
| a disorder of mineralization, not bone loss, per say |
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder of abnormal bone remodeling caused by overactive osteoclasts, and subsequent bone formation; associated with the RANK protein, which controls osteoclast function |
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Term
| biochemical marker of Paget's disease |
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Definition
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Term
| most common site of benign bone forming tumors (osteoma, osteoid osteoma, and osteoblastoma) |
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Definition
| metaphysis or diaphysis of long bones |
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Term
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Definition
| cartilage-capped bony outgrowths |
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Term
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Definition
| benign tumor of hyaline cartilage |
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Term
| sexual predilection of benign bone and cartilage tumors vs. giant cell tumors |
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Definition
| male and female, respectively |
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Term
| most common malignant bone tumor |
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Definition
| osteosarcoma; found on the diaphysis of knee most commonly, followed by hip |
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Term
| benign cartilage and fibrous tumors vs. malignant cartilage and fibrous tumors |
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Definition
| usually painless vs. painful |
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Term
| 85% of this type of tumor shows t(11,22); "small round blue cell tumor"; second most common bone tumor in children; affect children and adolescents ( 80% <20 yrs.) |
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Definition
| Ewing sarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumors |
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Term
| avascular necrosis of the capital femoral head |
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Definition
| legg-calve-perthes disease |
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Term
| sexual predilection of legg-calve-perthes disease |
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Definition
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Term
| a disease process in which degeneration or aseptic necrosis of a growth center in a bone is followed by reossification; this form specific to tibial tuberosity |
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Definition
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Term
| often presents as a butterfly rash in a young women accompanied by fever, joint pain, pleuritic pain, and photosensitivity; other clinical problems are protean but neurologic, renal and cardiac are common |
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Definition
| systemic lupus erythematosus |
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Term
| panniculitis is an inflammatory reaction in the subcutaneous fat and fascia; ________________, the most common form of panniculitis, is an acute onset of a tender nodular, erythematous eruption that usually is limited to the extensor aspects of the lower legs |
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Definition
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Term
| initial symptoms can include Raynaud's phenomenon via microvascular sclerosis; followed eventually by hardening of skin, esophageal dysmotility and pulmonary fibrosis |
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Definition
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Term
| _______________ is of idiopathic origin, possible related to an infection, and can feature pain and stiffness in the neck, shoulders and pelvic region; it is closely related to giant cell arteritis and could be a manifestation of the later disease |
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Definition
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Term
| ______________ is a chronic, multisystem granulomatous disorder of unclear etiology characterized pathologically by the accumulation of immune cells and the formation of noncaseating granulomas in effected tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| a disease process involving the benign proliferation of fibroblasts and subsequent collagen deposition thickening the surrounding connective tissue |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the fibrotic proliferation and the formation of metaplastic bone in skeletal muscle usually following a trauma |
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Term
| ______________ is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis of arterioles, capillaries and venules with common involvement of the lung and kidney, that is associated with the p-ANCA gene |
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Definition
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Term
| a systemic necrotizing vasculitis of small and medium sized vessels with typical involvement of renal and visceral organs |
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Definition
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Term
| This is the most common soft tissue tumor of adulthood. It presents as a soft, mobile, painless mass. |
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Definition
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Term
Presents a slow, progressing contracture of the palmar fascia in the hand. Initially affect the fifth digit and gradually spread to the other digits. Dimpling or puckering of the overlying skin can help in the diagnosis. |
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Definition
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Term
Necrotizing vasculitis that commonly affect the respiratory and renal systems. Associated with a saddle-nose deformity. c-ANCA antibodies are present in 95% of cases. |
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Definition
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Term
Triad:
Acute necrotizing granulomas of teh mucosa in the upper and lower respiratory tract. Necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis affecting small to medium sized vessels. Focal necrotizing renal disease involving cresentic glomerulitis. |
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Definition
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Term
| Widespread granulomatous inflammatory reaction that leads to stenosis in the walls of medium and large-sized vessels, typically involving the aortic arch and its branches. Most commonly present in the Asian population. Also known as a "Pulseless Disease." |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the gold standard diagnostic test for Takayasu Arteritis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Necrotizing vasculitis of small and medium sized vessels with typical involvement of renal and visceral organs. Renal involvement features arteritis WITHOUT glomerulonephritis. Strongly associated with Hepatitis B antigen. |
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Definition
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Term
| Inflammation of the articular capsule of the shoulder that leads to contraction of the capsule, adhesion formation and eventual loss of range of motion. Type I Diabetes is a common risk factor. |
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Definition
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Term
| A rare, multi-systems, chronic disease that involves the deposition of amyloid proteins between cells in various tissues of the body. Congo Red Staining is a diagnostic test for this disease. |
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Definition
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Term
| Widespread diffuse chronic pain of idiopathic etiology presenting for at least three months. Prevalent in women and especially among people of lower socioeconomic status. No laboratory abnormalities and normal neurologic exam. |
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Definition
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Term
| Pharmacologic treatments that are contraindicated in Fibromyalgia. |
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Definition
| Glucocorticoids and opiates |
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Term
| Vascular infarction leading to the cellular death of bone tissue. Common in the hip and knee. Presents as an insidious onset of a dull, achy, throbbing pain in the affected area. Associated with "creeping substitution" in which new bone is laid down on the scaffolding of the old, dead bone. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the gene associated with Osteonecrosis? |
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Definition
| COL2A1 (Type II Collagen) |
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Term
| A form of osteochondrosis which commonly involves the (medial) femoral condyle in the knee. This condition can also affect the ankles and elbow. Often results from chronic, repetitive trauma. |
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Definition
| Osteochondritis Dissicans |
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Term
| The most common childhood-onset muscular dystrophy. |
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Definition
| Duchenne muscular dystrophy |
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Term
| A hereditary disease of skeletal muscle involving a mutation in a cytoskeletal protein. Most cases are X-linked recessive and primarily affect males. Presents with Gower's sign and muscles undergo repeated cycles of necrosis and regeneration. Elevated CK levels. |
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Definition
| Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy |
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Term
| Hereditary, chronic and progressive skeletal muscle disease involving a triple-repeat disorder, CTG, on chromosome 19. |
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Definition
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Term
| An autosomal-dominant, progressive skeletal muscle disease with anticipation over generations. Present as an insidious onset of gait abnormalities in late childhood, sustained muscle contractions and "Hatchet-Face". |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatment for sustained muscular contractions in Myotonic Dystrophy. |
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Definition
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Term
| A rare, congenital myopathy involving a defect in the cytoskeleton of the muscle cells preventing the marginalization of the nucleus. The myocyte nuclei are located centrally instead of peripherally. |
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Definition
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Term
| A chronic inflammatory myopathy. Presents with heliotrophic rash in upper eyelids and periorbital edema as well as back, neck or chest. Bilateral and symmetrical muscle weakness, greater in the proximal muscles. Grotton lesions also present. |
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Definition
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Term
| A subactue inflammatory myopathy without a rash. Present with symmetric proximal muscle weakness in upper and lower extremties; muscle pain and tenderness; dysphagia and dysphonia; possibly fever, weight loss and morning stiffness. Jo-1 antibodies (Anti-Jo-1) are present. |
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Definition
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Term
| Myopathy due to mutations in the mitochondrial genome. Could present with myopathic abnormalities and encephalopathic findings. |
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Definition
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Term
| The most common neoplasm for women. Present as a non-painful lump, but pain can result from compression of surrounding tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| The most common soft-tissue sarcoma of childhood and adolescence. |
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Definition
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Term
| A rare, aggressive and malignant tumor of skeletal muscle. Present before 20 y/o and usually found in the head, neck and GI/GU tract. Due to a PAX3-FKHR gene defect. The Embryonal form is the most common type. |
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Definition
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Term
| Malignant tumor of smooth muscle. |
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Definition
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