Term
| What is the progression of disc lesions? (5 steps) |
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Definition
| Protrusion Herniation Prolapse w/ n. root irritation prolapse w/ n. root compression resolving prolapse. |
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Term
| What happens in the protrusion phase of disc lesion progression? |
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Definition
| The nucleus palposus begins to protrude through the ruptured fibers of the annulus. |
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Term
| What happens in the herniation phase of disc lesion progression? |
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Definition
| Nucleus palposus herniates through the annulus and stretches the posterior longitudinal ligament. |
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Term
| What happens in the prolapse w/ n. root problems phase of disc lesion progression? |
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Definition
| The post long. Ligament ruptures and the nucleus palposus impinges or compresses the nerve roote. The nerve suffers from ischemia and inflammation occurse, which results in increased symptoms |
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Term
| What happens in the resolving prolapse phase of disc lesion progression? |
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Definition
| The sweeling is absorbed and compressed n. fibers become irritated, then restored, but the prolapsed materials may adhere to the nerve, dura mater or other structures it came in contact with |
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Term
| What are the symptoms of a hypermobility syndrome? (7 |
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Definition
| Incr. joint mobility, full general joint mobility, ligamentous tenderness, pain reproduced by prolonged stretch, pain relief w/ rest and exercise, possible joint locking. |
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Term
| Look at Pg L37 for the important mechanism for facet locking. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the entrapment locking mechanism? |
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Definition
| Extension from a position of full trunk flexion and rotation, or extension from a position of full trunk flexion and side flexion. |
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Term
| Why will the facets lock up during extension from a combined flexion and rotation or side flexion position? |
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Definition
| Because the mechanics of the joints reverse when extending from full flexion, so when the pt is side flexed or rotated, and the mechanics switch, the joints can get jammed. |
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Term
| Where in the spine is spondylolisthesis most common? Why? |
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Definition
| L5-S1. Because the facet alignment is in the frontal plane, which results in more force driving anterior sheer. (pg L39) |
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Term
| What is the characteristic “feel” of a spondylolisthesis on palpation? |
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Definition
| A shelf or step-off created by the L5 spinous process. |
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Term
| At what grade does a spondylolisthesis generally become problematic, by impinging nerve roots? |
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Definition
| Grade 5+. Before this, it is usually asymptomatic. |
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Term
| If a pt has a spondylolisthesis, what movement should be avoided in the low back? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the PT Tx progression for a pt w/ acute lumbar posteriolateral disc prolapse? (6) |
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Definition
| Positional distraction, modalities, HEP, Pt education, manual techniques, then clinical exercise program. See pg L40 for details. It’s a important page, and you should know it for practicals!! |
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Term
| What are the symptoms of a hypomobility syndrome? (5) |
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Definition
| Reduced mobility of a joint, pain created by stretching or compression, local ligamentous tenderness, muscle guarding or spasm, positional fault. (pg L35) |
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Term
| Does hypermobility usually occur in males or females? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the general Tx overview for a hypermobility? (5) |
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Definition
| Modalities, HEP, Back school, soft tissue mobs, clinical exercises. |
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Term
| What will the HEP of a pt w/ hypermobility look like? |
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Definition
| Stabilization exercises using drawing-in techniques, trunk rotation in the inner RO<, and stretching of tight muscles and self mobs exercises for any hypomobile joints. ***Bookmark pages 40, 41 and 42 for reference when preparing for practical. Has the overview of Tx for all spinal disorders we need to know.*** |
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