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Definition
| A cell which converts the chemical energy of ATP into the mechanical energy of movement |
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Term
| Muscle Cell: Responsiveness |
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Definition
| Muscle Cell characteristic: When stimulated by chemical signals, stretch, and other stimuli, muscle cells respond with electrical changes across the plasma membrane |
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Term
| Muscle Cell: Conductivity |
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Definition
| Muscle cell characteristic in which the local electrical change triggrers a wave of excitation that travels rapidly along the cell and initiates processes leading to contraction |
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Term
| Muscle Cell: Contractility |
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Definition
| Muscle cell characteristic which allows them the ability to shorten substantially when stimulated and enables them to pull on bones and other organs to create movement |
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Term
| Muscle Cell: Extensibility |
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Definition
| Muscle cell characteristic which allows a muscle to stretch (extend) between contractions and allows a muscle cell to stretch three times its length |
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Definition
| Muscle cell characteristic that allows it to be stretched and recoil to a shorter length |
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Definition
| Voluntary striated muscle that is usually attached to one or more bones |
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Definition
| Alternating light and dark transverse bands on skeletal muscles that result from an overlapping arrangement of their internal contractile proteins |
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Definition
| Muscle that is subject to conscious control |
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Definition
| Muscle that is not under conscious control which are never attached to bones |
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Term
| Muscle Fibers (Myofibers) |
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Definition
| Skeletal muscle cells which are considered fibers because of their extraordinary length |
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Term
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Definition
| Plasma membrane of a muscle fiber |
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Definition
| The cytoplasm of a muscle fiber |
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Definition
| Long protein cords about 1 um in diameter located in the Sarcoplasm |
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Definition
| A starch-like carbohydrate that provides energy for the cell during heightened levels of exercise |
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Definition
| Red pigment which stores oxygen until needed for muscular activity |
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Definition
| Stem cells which fuse to produce muscle fibers - each myoblast contributes one nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
Unspecialized myoblasts between the muscle fiber and endomysium
- Produce new muscle fibers to some degree in an injured muscle |
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Term
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Definition
A resivoir of clacium ions with gated channels in its membrane that open at the right times to release a flood of calcum into the cytosol - activates the muscle contraction processForms a network around each myfibril
Triad-Transverse tubules run in between Terminal Cisternae |
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Term
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Definition
| Dilated end-sacs which cross the muscle fiber from one side to the other |
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Term
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Definition
Tubular infoldings which penetrate through the cell and emerge on the other side
-Signals SR when to release calcium bursts |
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Term
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Definition
Parallel protein microfilaments which combine in bundles to create myofibrils
-3 kinds: thick, thin, elastic |
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Term
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Definition
| Myofilament: 15 nm in diameter, composed of several hundred myosin, golf club shaped, half facing left/half right |
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Term
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Definition
| Myofilament: 7 nm in diameter, composed of two intertwined fibrous actin, 40-60 tropomyosin |
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Term
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Definition
| A protein in the form of a string of globular actin found in thin myofilaments |
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Term
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Definition
String of subunits which form Fibrous Actin
-Have an active site that can bind to the head of a myosin molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| In a relaxed muscle fiber this prtotein blocks the active sites of 6-7 G actins and prevents myosin from binding to them |
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Term
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Definition
| Calcium-binding protein found on Tropomyosin proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| Myofilament: 1 nm in diamenter, composed of huge springy titin protein, Flank tick filament and anchor it to a Z disc and M line |
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Term
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Definition
Huge springy protein that flank thick filaments and anchor them to Z disc and M line
-Stabilizes the thick filament, center it between thin filaments, prevent overstretching, contributes to elastic recoil when the muscle relaxes |
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