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Muscular System
Muscles
20
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
06/17/2008

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Cards

Term
What mass of body do muscle cells make up?
Definition
1/2
Term
What are 3 types of muscle?
Definition

Skeletal

Cardiac

Smooth

Term

4 Functions of Skeletal Muscle:

Voluntary/Involuntary?

Functional characteristics:

Definition

Functions: Movement, Posture, Heat, Joints

Voluntary Movement

Characteristics: Excitability, Contractility, Extensibility, Elasticity

Term

4 Functional Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle

Definition

Excitability, Contractility, Extensibility, Elasticity

Term
Excitability
Definition
ability to reveive and respond to a stimulus
Term
Contractility
Definition
ability to shorten forcibily when stimulated
Term
Extensibility
Definition
ability to be stretched
Term
Elasticity
Definition
ability to recoil after stretching
Term
Sarcolemma
Definition
plasma membrane
Term
Sarcoplasm
Definition
cytoplasm

contains large amounts of stored glycogen and myoglobin
Term
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Definition
endoplasmic reticulum
Term
Skeletal muscle
Definition
-largest of muscle types
-striated
-voluntary
-can be contracted rapidly and vigorously; tires easily and requires rest
-uses alot of oxygen and nutrients; generates alot of waste (extensitve capillary network)
Term
Cardiac muscle
Definition
-only in heart
-striated
-involuntary
-contracts at a steady rate-- can contract faster for short periods
Term
Smooth Muscle
Definition
-found in hollow visceral organs
-non-striated
-involuntary
-contractions: slow and sustained
Term
Direct muscle attachment
Definition
epimysium is fused to periosteum or perichondrium
Term
Indirect muscle attachment
Definition
muscle fascia extends beyond the muscle as a rope-like tendon that anchors the muscle to bone, cartilage, or fascia of another bone
Term
Myofilament
Definition
protein filaments that are are arranged to make myofibrils
Term
Myosin
Definition
thick filaments

rod-like tail and 2 globular heads; heads of myosin contain ATP binding sites
Term
Actin
Definition
Thin filaments

looks like a twisted double; contains 2 active sites for myosin binding

2 associated regulatory proteins:
Tropomyosin & Troponin
Term
Tropomyosin & Troponin
Definition
Regulatory proteins associated with actin that control myosin-actin interaction
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