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Muscular System
Lecture
28
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
11/01/2011

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Term
functions
Definition
motion, maintenance of posture, heat production
Term
skeletal muscle
Definition
attached to bones
Term
skeletal muscle cells
Definition
10x longer than average cell, cylindrical, multinucleated, striated
Term
skeletal muscle contractiosn
Definition
slow to fast, forceful and weak, not rhythmic, voluntary
Term
connective tissue
Definition
Fascia, tendons, aponeurosis
Term
fascia
Definition
broad sheet of fibrous connective tissue
Term
superficial fascia
Definition
just beneath skin
composed of adipose and loose connective
stores fat, h20, insulates, protection, and pathway for blood vessels and nerves
Term
deep fascia
Definition
lines the body wall and surrounds groups of musces
allows for free movement
pathway for nerves and blood vessels
sometimes is origin for muscles
Term
tendons
Definition
cords of fibrous connective
attaches muscle to bone
permits mobility without bulk
Term
ligament
Definition
similar to tendon but connects bone to bone
Term
aponeurosis
Definition
broad flat sheet of dense connective
two or more muscles together or to a bone
Term
myofiber
Definition
muscle cell
long cylindrical surrounded by sheath of connective
Term
endomysium
Definition
surrounds single myofiber (muscle cell)
has capillaries, nerves
nourishes cell
Term
perimysium
Definition
surrounds fascicles (bundles of myofibers)
larger blood vessels and nerves
Term
epimiysium
Definition
surrounds several fascicles
separates muscles
Term
myofibers
Definition
10x as large as normal
multiple nuclei
myoblobin
Term
myoglobin
Definition
makes muscles pink
stores oxygen
Term
myofibrils
Definition
rod like super organelles, parallel to central axis
contractile elements
composed of sarcomeres
Term
"A" Band
Definition
dark bands
Term
"I" bands
Definition
light bands
Term
"H" Zone
Definition
light stripe in middle of "A" Bands
Term
"Z" disk
Definition
dark midline of I band
Term
sarcomere
Definition
functional unit of muscle fiber
unit between two Z Disks
Term
myofilaments
Definition
structures inside sarcomere
thick and thin filaments
Term
thick filaments
Definition
made of myosin
rod like tail and two globular heads (cross bridge)
Term
thin filament
Definition
crosses teh I band and extend to A band
made of
actin, troponin, and tropomyosin
anchored by Z line
Term
Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)
Definition
smooth ER that regulates calcium levels
Term
t-tubules
Definition
fold of the cell membrane that penetrates the cell
at right angle to myofilaments
synchronizes muscle contractions
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