Descending Pectorals

Origin: First Sternebra

Insertion: Crest of the greater tubercle

Action - to adduct when not bearing weight, prevent abduction when weight-bearing

Transverse Pectorals

Origin: First to part of 3rd sternebra

Insertion: crest of greater tubercle

Action: adduct when not wt bearing, prevent abduct when wt. bearing

Deep Pectorals

Origin: Ventral Sternum

Insertion: Lesser tubercle of the humerus

Action: Limb extended - pulls trunk cranially and extends the shoulder joint.  Draw limb caudal and flex shoulder joint. Adduct Limb

Brachiocephalicus

(Cleidobrachialis and Cleidocephalicus (cervicalis and mastoideus), Divided by Clavicular tendon)

Origin: Clavicular tendon

Insertion: Cleiodbrachialis (distal end of humerus), Cleidcephalicus Cervical (occipital bone) Cleidocephalicus Mastoid (temporal bone mastoid)

Action:  advance the limb, extend shoulder joint, turn neck/head side to side

Sternocephalicus

(sternomastoideus and sterno-occipitalis)

Origin - First sternebra (manubrium)

Insertion - Mastoid of temporal bone, Nuchal crest of occipital bone

Action - to draw head and neck to side

Sternohyoideus

 Origin: first sternebra

Insertion: basihyoid bone

Action: Pull tongue and larynx caudal

Sternothyroideus

Origin: First costal cartilage

Insertion: Caudolateral surface of thyroid cartilage

Action: draw tongue and larynx caudally

Omotransversarius

Origin: wing of atlas? and cervical vertebrae

Insertion: Distal end of scapular spine

Action: advance limb, flex neck laterally

Trapezius

Origin: Median raphe of neck and supraspinus ligament (C3-T9)

 Insertion: Spine of scapula

Action: Elevate and abduct the forelimb

Rhomboideus

-Capitis

-Cervicis

-Thoracis

Origin: Nuchal crest of occipital, median raphe, T1-T7

Insertion: Dorsal border of scapula

Action: elevate forelimb, draw scapula against trunk

Latissimus Dorsi

Origin: Lumbar +Last 7-8 Thoracic, last 2 or 3 ribs

Insertion: Teres major tuberosity

Action: digging (draw free limb caudal), flex shoulder joint 

Serratus ventralis cervicis

Serratus ventralis thoracis

Origin: last 5 cervical vertebrae and first 7-8 ribs ventral to their middle

Insertion: dorsomedial third of scapula (serrated face)

Action: support trunk, depress scapula