Orbicularis Oculi

Action: Closes Eye

Origin: Lacrimal Bone, Frontal Bone and Maxillae

Insertion: Eye lids and Skin Around Eye

Innervation: Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)

Temporalis

Action:Chewing. Extends (elevates), retracts, excursion of the mandible

Origin: Temporal Line

Insertion: Coronoid Process and Ramus of Mandible

Innervation: Mandibular Nerve

Masseter

Action: Chewing. Extends (elevates) mandible

Origin: Zygomatic Arch

Insertion: Mandibular Ramus

Innervation: Mandibular Nerve

Sternocleidomastoid

Action: Agonist of Neck Flexion (down). Rotates head left and right

Origin: Manubrium and medial portion of clavicle

Insertion: Mastoid Process

Innervation: Spinal nerves C2-C3

Trapezius

Action: Extends and Hyperextends neck. Elevates shoulders

Origin: Occipital (external protuberance and nuchal lines). C7-T4 spinous processes.

Insertion: Scapula and Lateral 3rd of Clavicle

Innervation: Accessory spinal nerves C3-C4

Diaphragm

Action: Agonist for inspiration (breathing)

Origin: Xyphoid Process, Rib cartilage 7-12, and Lumbar vertebrae

Insertion: Central Tendon of Diaphragm

Innervation: Phrenic nerve (at C3)

External Intercostals

Action: Elevate and protract ribs; Keeps thoracic cavity from caving in

Origin: Inferior margin of Ribs

Insertion: Superior margin of Ribs

Innervation: Intercostal nerves

Rectus Abdominus

Action: Flexion of Lumbar region of Vertebral column

Origin: Pubic Symphysis 

Insertion: Xyphoid process and ribs 7-11

Innervation: Spinal nerves T6-T12

Erector Spinae

Action: Extension of Lumbar region and lateral Flexion of vertebral column

Origin: Nuchal Ligament, Ribs, Vertebrae and Sacrum

Insertion: Mastoid Process, Ribs and Vertebrae

Innervation: All spinal nerves

Deltoid

Action: Flexes, Extends, Abducts, and Rotates (medially and laterally) the Humerus

Origin: Clavicle and Scapula

Insertion: Deltoid Tuberosity of Humerus

Innervation: Axillary nerve

Pectoralis Major

Action: Flexes, Adducts and Rotates (medially) the Humerus

Origin: Sternum, Clavicle, and ribs 1-7

Insertion: Lateral Humerus

Innervation: Pectoral nerves

Biceps Brachii

Action: Elbow Flexion and Forearm supination

Origin: Glenoid cavity and Coracoid process of Scapula

Insertion: Radial Tuberosity 

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve

Triceps Brachii

Action: Extends elbow

Origin: Glenoid cavity and Humerus

Insertion: Olecranon of Ulna

Innervation: Radial nerve

Muscles of Rotator Cuff and Function

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres minor

Subscapularis

Action: Holds head of Humerus in the Glenoid cavity

Main Forearm Extensors: 

Extensor carpi radialis
Extensor Digitorum

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Action: Extend the wrist and fingers

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the Humerus

Insertion: Metacarpals and Phalanges

Innervation: Radial nerve and Posterior Interosseous nerve

Main Forearm Flexors:

Flexor carpi radialis

Palmaris longus

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Action: Flexes wrist and fingers

Origin: Medial epicondyle of Humerus

Insertion: Carpals and Metacarpals

Innervation: Median nerve and Ulnar nerve

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Action: Flexes wrist and finger joints

Origin: Medial epicondyle of Humerus, Coronoid process of the Ulna, and on the Radius

Insertion: Middle Phalanges II-V

Innervation: Median nerve

Gluteus Maximus

Action: Extends thigh at the hip

Origin: Illiac crest, Dorsal Sacrum, and Coccyx

Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of the Femur

Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve

Biceps Femoris

Action: Flexes knee

Origin: Long Head=Ischial Tuberosity

                   Short Head=Linea Aspera of Femur

Insertion: Head of Fibula

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Quadriceps Femoris:

Rectus Femoris

Vastus Medialis

Vastus Lateralis

Vastus Intermedialis

Action: Extends knee

Origin: Illium and Proximal Femur

Insertion: Patella and Tibial Tuberosity

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Tibialis Anterior

Action: Dorsiflexion (metatarsals up, heel down)

Origin: Lateral condyle of Tibia

Insertion: Medial cuneiform and Metatarsal I

Innervation: Deep Fibular nerve

Gastrocnemius

Action: Plantar Flexion (metatarsals down, heel up)

Origin: Condyles of Femur

Insertion: Calcaneus via Calcaneal (Achilles') Tendon

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Orbicularis Oris

Action: Closes and protrudes lips

Origin: Modiolus of mouth

Insertion: Submucosa and dermis of lips

Innervation: Facial nerve (Cranial nerve VII)