Term
Adductor Hallicus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin(s)
Oblique Head - bases of 2nd through 4th metatarsals
Transverse Head - plantar ligaments of metatarsophalangeal joints
Insertion - Lateral surface of base of proximal phalange of first toe and lateral sesmoid bone |
|
|
Term
Adductor Hallicus
Inervation and Action |
|
Definition
Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve
Adducts first digit and assists in maintaining transverse arch |
|
|
Term
Plantar Interossei
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Bases of Third through fifth metatarsals
Insertion - medial surface of of proximal phalanges of third through fifth toes. |
|
|
Term
Plantar Interossei
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Lateral Plantar Nerve
Adduct and flex third through fifth toes (MTP joints) |
|
|
Term
Dorsal Interossei
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Shafts of 1st through 5th metatarsals
Insertion -
1st: Medial surface of proximal phalange of second toe
2nd - 4th: Lateral surfaces of proximal phalange of 2nd through 4th toes |
|
|
Term
Dorsal Interossei
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Lateral Plantar
Abducts 2nd through 4th toes (MTP joints) |
|
|
Term
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Posterior Tibial Shaft
Insertion - Bases of lateral distal phalanges 2-5 |
|
|
Term
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Tibial Nerve
Flexes toes 2-5, plantarflexion and inversion |
|
|
Term
Flexor Hallicus Longus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Posterior Fibular Shaft
Insertion - Base of First Distal Phalanx |
|
|
Term
Flexor Hallicus Longus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Tibial Nerve
Big toe flexion, plantarflexion, innversion |
|
|
Term
Tibialis Posterior
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Posterior Tibial Shaft, interosseous membrane, and fibula
Insertion - Navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, and 2-4 metatarsal bones |
|
|
Term
Tibialis Posterior
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Tibial Nerve
Ankle plantarflexion and inversion |
|
|
Term
Tibialis Anterior
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Proximal, lateral tibia and interosseous membrane
Insertion - Medial Cuneiform and first metatarsal |
|
|
Term
Tibialis Anterior
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Peroneal Nerve
Ankle Dorisflexion and inversion |
|
|
Term
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Calcaneal Tuberosity
Insertion - Divides into tendons that insert on 2nd through 5th toes |
|
|
Term
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Medial Plantar Nerve
Flexes 2nd through 5th Toes |
|
|
Term
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Lateral and Medial processes of the calcaneal tuberosity
Insertion - lateral base of the first phalanx of the fifth toe |
|
|
Term
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Lateral Plantar Nerve
Abducts fifth toe |
|
|
Term
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal anterior shaft of fibula, and interosseous membrane
Insertion - Middle and distal phalanges of the 2nd through 5th toes |
|
|
Term
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Peroneal Nerve
Extend 2nd through 5th toes, dorsiflexion and eversion |
|
|
Term
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Dorsal surface of the calcaneus
Insertion - 2nd through 4th toes via the extensor digitorum longus tendons |
|
|
Term
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Deep Peroneal Nerve
Extend the 2nd through 4th toes |
|
|
Term
Extensor Hallicus Longus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Middle anterior surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion - Distal Phalanx of the first toe |
|
|
Term
Extensor Hallicus Longus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Deep Peroneal Nerve
Extend the 1st Toe, dorsiflexion, , inversion |
|
|
Term
Flexor Hallicus Brevis
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Middle half of the posterior fibula
Insertion - Distal phalanx of the first toe |
|
|
Term
Extensor Hallicus Brevis
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Tibial Nerve
Flex the first toe |
|
|
Term
Quadratus Plantae
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Medial and Lateral Aspects of Calcaneus
Insertion - Distal tendon of the flexor digit longus |
|
|
Term
Quadratus Plantae
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Lateral Plantar Nerve
Flexion of Phalanges 2-5 at MTP, PIP, and DIP |
|
|
Term
Felxor Digiti Minimi Brevis
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Base of the fifth metatarsal (Plantar surface) and distal tendon of fibularis longus
Insertion - Proximal Phalanx of at fifth metatarsal (plantar surface) |
|
|
Term
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Lateral Plantar Nerve
Flexion of 5th Phalanx at MTP joint |
|
|
Term
Lumbricals
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Distal tendon of flexor digitorum longus
Insertion - Dorsal digital expansion |
|
|
Term
Lumbricals
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Medial and lateral plantar nerves
Flexion of phalanges 2-5 at MTP joints |
|
|
Term
Gastrocnemius
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Medial and Lateral Condyle of the Femur
Insertion - Posterior calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon |
|
|
Term
Gastrocnemius
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Tibial Nerve
Plantar flexion and assists knee flexion |
|
|
Term
Plantaris
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Inferior lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
Insertion - Posterior calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon |
|
|
Term
Plantaris
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Tibial Nerve
Plantar flexion |
|
|
Term
Soleus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - proximal half of posterior surface of tibia
Insertion - Posterior calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon |
|
|
Term
Soleus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Tibial Nerve
Plantar flexion |
|
|
Term
Adductor Magnus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin -
(adductor) -inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
(hamstring) - ischial tuberosity
Insertion -
(adductor) - gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondyle line
(hamstring) - adductor tubercle of femur |
|
|
Term
Adductor Magnus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
(adductor) - Obturator Nerve
(hamstring) - Tibial nerve
Adducts thigh
(adductor) - flex thigh
(hamstring) - extend thigh |
|
|
Term
Adductor Longus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Inferior to pubic crest
Insertion - Middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur |
|
|
Term
Adductor Longus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Obturator nerve
Adducts thigh |
|
|
Term
Adductor Brevis
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion - pectineal line and proximal part of line aspera of femur |
|
|
Term
Adductor Brevis
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Obturator nerve
Adducts thigh and assists with extension |
|
|
Term
Pectineus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Superior Ramus of the pubis
Insertion - Pectineal line of femur, inferior to the lesser trochanter |
|
|
Term
Pectineus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Femoral Nerve
Adducts and flexes thigh, assists with medial rotation of thigh |
|
|
Term
Piriformis
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Anterior Surface of sacrum
Insertion - Superior border of greater trochanter of femur |
|
|
Term
Piriformis
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Branches of anterior rami
Laterally rotate extended thigh, and abduct flexed thigh, steady femoral head in acetabulum |
|
|
Term
Quadratus Femoris
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
Insertion - Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and inferior to it |
|
|
Term
Quadratus Femoris
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Nerve to quadrature femoris
Laterally rotates thigh, steadies femoral head in acetabulum |
|
|
Term
Superior Gemellus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Ischial Spine
Insertion - Medial Surface of Greater Trochanter |
|
|
Term
Superior Gemellus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Same nerve supply as obturator internus
Laterally rotate extended thigh, and abduct flexed thigh, steady femoral head in acetabulum |
|
|
Term
Multifidi
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - All Transverse process from C2/C5 to the sacrum
Insertion - Spinous process superior |
|
|
Term
Multifidi
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves
Extension of spine, ipsilateral lateral flexion, contralateral rotation |
|
|
Term
Iliacus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Iliac fossa and crest, ala of sacrum
Insertion - Lesser trochanter of femur (inserts as iliopsoas) |
|
|
Term
Iliacus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Femoral Nerve
Flexion and external rotation of hip jointipsilateral bending of trunk, raises trunk from supine position |
|
|
Term
Psoas Major
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Anterior surfaces of of lower borders of transverse process of L1-L5
Insertion - lesser trochanter of femur, inserts as iliopsoas tendon |
|
|
Term
Psoas Major
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Branches of ventral primary rami of spinal nerves
Flexion at hip joint, external rotation, bends lumbar vertebral column |
|
|
Term
Psoas Minor
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - T12 - L1 vertebrae and related IV disks
Insertion - Iliopectineal arch |
|
|
Term
Psoas Minor
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves
Flexion and lateral flexion of lumbar vertebral column, assists in upward rotation of pelvis |
|
|
Term
Fibularis Longus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
Insertion - base of the first metatarsal and medial cueiform |
|
|
Term
Fibularis Longus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Superficial fibular nerve
Foot eversion and weak plantarflexion |
|
|
Term
Fibularis Brevis
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Inferior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
Insertion - Dorsal surface of tuberosity on lateral base of 5th metatarsal |
|
|
Term
Fibularis Brevis
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Innervation - Superficial fibular nerve
Foot eversion and weak plantar flexion |
|
|
Term
Fibularis Tertius
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Inferior 1/3 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion - Dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal |
|
|
Term
Fibularis Tertius
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Deep Fibular Nerve
Dorisflexion and aids in foot eversion |
|
|
Term
Sartorius
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - ASIS
Insertion - Superior part of the medial surface of the tibia (pes anserinus) |
|
|
Term
Sartorius
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
L2 and L3
Flexion, Abduction, Lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip, flexion and medial rotation at knee |
|
|
Term
Gracilis
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Body of inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion - superior part of the medial surface of the tibia (pes anserinus) |
|
|
Term
Gracilis
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Obturator nerve
Adducts thigh at hip, flexes at hip and knee, medially rotates the leg |
|
|
Term
Politeus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus
Insertion - Posterior surface of tibia superior to soleal line |
|
|
Term
Popliteus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Tibial Nerve
Weakly flexes knee and unlocks it, medially rotates tibia |
|
|
Term
Biceps Femoris
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - (long head) ischial tuberosity, (short head) line aspera of femur and lateral supracondylar line of femur
Insertion - lateral side of head of fibula |
|
|
Term
Biceps Femoris
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
(long head) - tibial division of sciatic nerve
(short head) - common fibular division of sciatic nerve
flexes leg, and rotates it laterally when leg is flexed, also assists with femoral extension |
|
|
Term
Semitendinosus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Ischial tuberosity
Insertion - medial surface of superior part of tibia |
|
|
Term
Semitendinosus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Tibial division of sciatic nerve
Extends thigh, flexes leg (knee) and rotates it medially when flexed. When thigh and leg are flexed, can extend trunk. |
|
|
Term
Semimembranosus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion - Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia |
|
|
Term
Semimembranosus
Innervation an Action |
|
Definition
Tibial division of sciatic nerve
Extends thigh, flex leg and rotate medially when flexed, trunk extension |
|
|
Term
Gluteus Maximus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Outer iliac blade, iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx
Insertion - Gluteal tuberosity of femur, IT Band of fascia latae |
|
|
Term
Gluteus Maximus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Inferior Gluteal Nerve
Extends and laterally rotates thigh, and braces knee |
|
|
Term
Tensor Fascia Latae
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Iliac Crest, Anterior Iliac Surface
Insertion - IT Band of Fascia Latae |
|
|
Term
Tensor Fascia Latae
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Flexes, Abducts, and Medially Rotates thigh |
|
|
Term
Gluteus Medius
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Outer Iliac Blade
Insertion - greater trochanter of femur |
|
|
Term
Gluteus Medius
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Abducts and medially rotates thigh |
|
|
Term
Gluteus Minimus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Lateral surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Insertion - Greater trochanter of femur |
|
|
Term
Gluteus Minimus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Abducts and rotates thigh medially |
|
|
Term
Rectus Femoris
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS), superior margin of acetabulum
Insertion - Patella and tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament |
|
|
Term
Rectus Femoris
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Femoral Nerve
Extend leg, flex thigh |
|
|
Term
Vastus Lateralis
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Greater trochanter
Insertion - Patella and tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament |
|
|
Term
Vastus Lateralis
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Femoral nerve
Extend leg at knee |
|
|
Term
Vastus Medialis
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Linea aspera and intertrochanteric line
Insertion - Patella and tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament |
|
|
Term
Vastus Medialis
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Femoral Nerve
Extends knee and stabilizes patella |
|
|
Term
Vastus Intermedius
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Anterior lateral aspect of femoral shaft
Insertion - Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament |
|
|
Term
Vastus Intermedius
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Femoral nerve
Extend leg at knee |
|
|
Term
Inferior Gemellus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Proximal part of the tuberoscity of the ischium
Insertion - With the tendon of the obturator internus, into the medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur. |
|
|
Term
Inferior Gemellus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Sacral Plexus
External rotation of the hip |
|
|
Term
Obturator Internus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Pelvic surface of the ilium and ischium, obturator membrane
Insertion - Medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur |
|
|
Term
Obturator Internus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Sacral Plexus
External Rotation and Abduction of the Hip |
|
|
Term
Obturator Externus
Origin and Insertion |
|
Definition
Origin - Rami of the pubis and ischium, external surface of the obturator membrane
Insertion - Trochanteric fossa of the femur |
|
|
Term
Obturator Externus
Innervation and Action |
|
Definition
Sacral Plexus
External Rotation and Adduction of the hip |
|
|
