Term
| Name the 3 groups of muscles in the neck |
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Definition
| 1. Sternocletomastoid 2. Scalene muscles 3. Strap muscles |
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Term
| Name the 2 groups of muscles in the mouth |
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Definition
1. Floor muscles
2. Muscles of mastication |
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Term
| What muscle divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the origin, insertion, and function of the sternocletomastoid |
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Definition
O: Manubrium and medial clavicle
I: Mastoid process
F: Turns head opposite way; both work at same time for "yes" motion |
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Term
| What nerve innervates this muscle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What muscles are found in the posterior triangle? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many scalene muscles are there? How are they labelled? |
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Definition
| 3; divided into anterior, posterior and middle divisions |
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Term
| Name the origin, insertion, and function of the anterior division, middle division and posterior division |
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Definition
O: Transverse process
I: Anterior - Scalene tubercle (of the first rib); Middle - behind it; Posterior - the second rib
F: Raise the thoracic cage as the secondary muscles of respiration |
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Term
| What structure passes between the insertions of the anterior and middle divisions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What innervates the scalene muscles |
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Definition
| Small twigs from the cervical nerves |
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Term
| Name the 3 muscles of the floor of the mouth |
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Definition
| 1. Mylohyoid 2. Digastric 3. Stylohyoid 4. Geniohyoid |
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Term
| Which muscle is the most important? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the origin, insertion, function, and innervation of the mylohyoid |
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Definition
O: Inside of the mandible
I: Hyoid bone and upon its opposite partner via a raphie
F: Elevates the hyoid bone
I: Mandibular nerve (V3) |
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Term
| (T/F) The mylohyoid makes up the floor of the mouth |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A tendinous atachment that serves to attach two muscles |
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Term
| Describe the divisions of the digastric muscle |
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Definition
| Divided into anterior and posterior bellies |
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Term
| What structure divides these bellies? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the tendon? |
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Definition
| - Joins anterior and posterior bodies |
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Term
| What is the tendinous loop? |
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Definition
| The loop associated with the hyoid bone, that the central tendon of the digastric muscle runs through |
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Term
| Where does the posterior belly originate? Where does the anterior belly insert? What is the action of this muscle? |
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Definition
Post: origin is the mastoid process
Ant: runs up the side of the genial tubercle, and inserts into the anterior mandible
Action: Depresses mouth and elevates hyoid |
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Term
| What nerve(s) innervate this muscle? |
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Definition
Ant: Mandibular branch of CN V
Post: Facial nerve (CN VII) |
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Term
| Name the origin, insertion, function, and innervation of the stylohyoid |
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Definition
O: Styloid process
I: Body of hyoid bone
F: Elevates the hyoid
I: Facial nerve (CN VII) |
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Term
| Name the 4 muscles of mastication, and which nerve innervates them |
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Definition
1. Temporalis
2. Masseter
3. Medial pterygoid
4. Lateral pterygoid
- All innervated by the mandibular branch of CN V |
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Term
| What portion of the skull does the temporalis occupy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the origin, insertion, function of the temporalis |
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Definition
O: Temporal fossa
I: Coronoid process of mandible
F: Closes mouth - powerful, for biting |
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Term
| What structure do the fibres of the temporalis pass through before their insertion? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the origin, insertion, function of the masseter |
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Definition
O: Zygomatic arch
I: Ramus of the mandible
F: Closes mouth - powerful, for biting |
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Term
| Name the origin, insertion, function of the medial pterygoid |
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Definition
O: Lateral pterygoid plate
I: Deep to the angle of the jaw
F: Closes mouth - weaker, for chewing |
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Term
| Name the origin, insertion, function of the lateral pterygoid |
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Definition
| O: Greater wing and lateral pterygoid plate I: Neck of the mandibular condyle F: Closes mouth - weaker, for chewing; also protrudes the jaw |
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Term
| Name the 3 prominent muscles of the pharynx |
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Definition
1. Superior constrictor
2. Middle constrictor
3. Inferior constrictor |
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Term
| (T/F) These muscles have common origins and insertions |
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Definition
| False, common insertion but unique origins |
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Term
| (T/F) The 3 divisions overlap each other |
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Definition
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Term
| List the origin of each branch of constrictor muscles |
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Definition
Superior: medial pterygoid plate and pterygomandibular raphe
Middle: Styloidhyoid ligament and hyoid bone
Inferior: Thyroid and cricoid cartilages |
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Term
| Describe the nervous supply to the constrictor muscles |
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Definition
| All are supplied by the spinal accessory nerve |
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Term
| Name the 3 main muscles of the face |
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Definition
1. Oribicularis oris
2. Obicularis occuli
3. Buccinator |
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Term
| What nerve innervates these muscles? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the positioning and function of the oris |
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Definition
| Surrounds the mouth; protrudes the lips |
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Term
| Describe the positioning and function of the occularis |
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Definition
| Surrounds the orbit; contraction closes the eyes |
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Term
| List the origin, insertion, and function of the buccinator |
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Definition
O: pterygomandibular raphe and the mandible
I: Corner of the mouth
F: Moves food around the mouth |
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Term
| Name the two muscles of the scalp |
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Definition
1. Frontalis
2. Occipitalis |
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Term
| Describe the origin and insertion of the frontalis muscle |
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Definition
O: Eyebrows
I: Fronto-occipital aponeurosis |
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Term
| Describe the origin and insertion of the occipitalis muscle |
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Definition
O: Occipital bone
I: Fronto-occipital aponeurosis |
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Term
| List the layers of the scalp, from outside in |
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Definition
1. Skin
2. Connective Tissue
3. Aponeurosis
4. Loose CT
5. Periosteium |
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