• Trapezius
• Splenius Capitis
• Splenius Cervicis
• Levator Scapulae

• SUBOCCIPITALS
• Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
• Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
• Obliquus Capitis Inferior
• Obliquus Capitis Superior

• Platysma
• Sternocleidomastoid
• Hyoids
• Scalenes

• PREVERTEBRALS
• Longus Colli
• Longus Capitis
• Rectus Capitis Anterior
• Rectus Capitis Lateralis

• head and neck lateral flexion at spinal joints
• head and neck extension at spinal joints
• neck and head contralateral rotation at spinal joints
• scapular elevation at scapulocostal joint

• scapular retraction/adduction at scapulocostal joint

• scapular depression at scapulocostal joint

• joint formed from articulation of anterior scapula and posterior thoracic ribcage

• O: Nuchal ligament and spinous processes C7-T4
• I: Mastoid process and occiput (SNL)

• neck extension at spinal joints
• neck lateral flexion at spinal joints
• neck ipsilateral rotation at spinal joints

• on the same side

• fibrous membrane extending from external occipital protuberance to C7
• elastic

• conical protuberance projecting from underside of mastoid portion of the temporal bone
• derived from Greek mastos, alluding to resemblance to the breast

• O: Spinous processes T3 - T6
• Transverse processes C1 - C3

• neck extension at spinal joints
• neck lateral flexion at spinal joints
• neck ipsilateral rotation at spinal joints

• O: Transverse processes C1 - C4
• I: Medial border of scapula, from superior angle to root of spine

• scapular elevation at scapulocostal joint
• neck extension at spinal joints
• neck lateral flexion at spinal joints

[image]

Levator Scapulae

• O: spinous process of C2 (Axis)
• I: Inferior nuchal line of occiput

• Head extension at atlanto-occipital joint

• O: Posterior tubercle of Atlas (C1)
• I: inferior nuchal line of occiput

• Head extension at atlanto-occipital joint

• O: spinous process of Axis (C2)
• I: transverse process of atlas (C1)

• Atlas (C1) ipsilateral rotation at atlanto-occipital joint

• O: transverse process of atlas
• I: inferior nuchal line of occiput

• Head extension at Atlanto-occipital joint
• Head lateral flexion at Atlanto-occipital joint

• O: subcutaneous fascia of superior chest
• I: mandible and subcutaneous fascia of lower face

• draws up skin of superior chest and neck, creating ridges of skin on neck
• draws down the lower lip and angle of the mouth in the expression of melancholy, i.e. grimacing

• O: Sternal head: Manubrium of sternum
• O: Clavicular head: Medial clavicle
• I: Mastoid process of temporal bone

• Neck flexion at spinal joints
• Neck and head lateral flexion at spinal joints
• Neck and head contralateral rotation at spinal joints

• Sternohyoid
• Sternothyroid
• Thyrohyoid
• Omohyoid

• O: posterior surface of both manubrium and medial clavicle
• I: inferior surface of hyoid

• depress Hyoid

• O: posterior surface of both manubrium and first rib
• I: Thyroid cartilage

• chewing
• swallowing
• speach

• O: Thyroid cartilage
• I: inferior surface of hyoid

• Inferior belly O: Scapula
• Inferior belly I: clavicle at central tendon
• Superior belly O: clavicle at central tendon
• Superior belly I: Hyoid

• Digastric
• Stylohyoid
• Mylohyoid
• Geniohyoid

• elevate the hyoid

• O: Posterior belly: mastoid nothc of temporal bone
• O: Anterior belly: inferior border of mandible
• I: Hyoid

• O: styloid process of temporal bone
• I: Hyoid

• O: inner surface of mandible
• I: anterior surface of hyoid

• O: inner surface of mandible
• I: anterior surface of hyoid

[image]

[image]

• Anterior Scalenes
• Middle Scalenes
• Posterior Scalenes

• O: anterior tubercles of C3-C6
• I: anteromedial first rib

• Neck flexion at spinal joints
• Neck lateral flexion at spinal joints
• First rib elevation at sternocostal and costospinal joints

• O: posterior tubercles C2-C7
• I: superior surface of first rib

• Neck flexion at spinal joints
• Neck lateral flexion at spinal joints
• First rib elevation at sternocostal and costospinal joints

• O: posterior tubercles of C5-C7
• I: external surface of second rib

• Neck lateral flexion at spinal joints
• Second rib elevation at sternocostal and costospinal joints

• O: anterior bodies of C5-T3
• I: anterior bodies of C2-C4

• O: anterior bodies of T1-T3
• I: transverse processes of C5-C6

• Neck flexion at spinal joints
• Head and neck stabilization during swallowing, talking, coughing, sneezing, rapid arm movements (neck fixator)

• O: transverse processes of C3-C5
• I: just anterior to foramen magnum of occiput

• Head and neck flexion at spinal joints
• Head and neck lateral flexion at spinal joints

• O: anterior of transverse process of Atlas
• I: just anterior to foramen magnum of occiput

• Head flexion at atlanto-occipital joint

• O: transverse process of Atlas
• I: jugular process of occiput

• Head lateral flexion at atlanto-occipital joint

• Upper Trapezius
• Obliquus Capitis Superior
• Sternocleidomastoid
• Longus Capitis
• Rectus Capitis Lateralis

• Upper Trapezius
• Splenius Capitis
• Splenius Cervicis
• Levator Scapulae
• Sternocleidomastoid
• Entire Scalene Group
• Longus Capitis

• Upper Trapezius
• Rectus Capitis Superior Major
• Rectus Capitis Superior Minor
• Obliquus Capitis Superior

• Upper Trapezius
• Splenius Capitis
• Splenius Cervicis
• Levator Scapulae

• Upper Trapezius
• Sternocleidomastoid

• Upper Trapezius
• Levator Scapulae

• Entire Trapezius

• Lower Trapezius

• Splenius Capitis
• Splenius Cervicis

• Obliquus Capitis Inferior

• Sternocleidomastoid
• Anterior and Middle Scalenes
• Longus Colli
• Longus Capitis

• Sternohyoid
• Sternothyroid
• Thyrohyoid
• Omohyoid
• (ALL Infrahyoid muscles)

• Digastric
• Stylohyoid
• Mylohyoid
• Geniohyoid
• (ALL Suprahyoid muscles)

• Digastric

• Anterior and Middle Scalenes

• Posterior Scalene

• Longus Colli

• Longus Capitis
• Rectus Capitis Anterior

• Of the shoulder of scapula

• Of the mandible

• of the chin
• Greek: Geneion (chin)

• -head