Term
| what 3 things determine the basic shape of the face? |
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Definition
| shape of underlying bones, amount and distribution of subcutaneous tissue (fat and fascia), facial musculature |
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Term
| what are the 2 parts of the mandible? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what part of the mandible forms the prominence of the chin? |
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Definition
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Term
| what passes through supraorbital foramen? |
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Definition
| supraorbital nerves and vessels |
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Term
| what passes through infraorbital foramen? |
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Definition
| infraorbital nerves and vessels |
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Term
| what passes through mental foramen? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| where is stylomastoid foramen? |
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Definition
| between styloid and mastoid processes |
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Term
| what passes through stylomastoid foramen? |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| at intersection of parietal, frontal, sphenoid, and temporal bones |
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Term
| what lies directly underneath pterion? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what can a fracture of the calvaria at the pterion cause? |
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Definition
| laceration of middle meningeal artery resulting in epidural hematoma |
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Term
| what innervates all muscles of facial expression? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what do muscles of facial expression originate from? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what do muscles of facial expression insert into? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the 2 parts of the orbicularis oculi? |
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Definition
| orbital (peripheral) portion and palpebral (eyelid) portion |
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Term
| what is the action of the orbicularis oculi? |
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Definition
| closes eyelids and protects eye/cornea |
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Term
| what innervates orbicularis oculi? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what kind of blink does palpebral portion do? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what kind of blink does orbital portion do? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what does orbicularis oris do? |
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Definition
| compresses and protrudes lips, closes lips, helps keep food between teeth |
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Term
| what innervates orbicularis oris? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what does the buccinator do |
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Definition
| presses cheeks against teeth to aid in chewing, used to expel air while playing a wind instrument |
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Term
| what duct pierces buccinator? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what innervates buccinator? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the action of the frontalis? |
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Definition
| wrinkles forehead, elevates eyebrow as in surprise |
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Term
| what innervates the frontalis? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the occipitofrontalis muscle? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the action of the depressor anguli oris? |
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Definition
| depressor of the angle of the mouth (frowning0 |
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Term
| what is the action of the zygomaticus major? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the action of the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi |
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Definition
| raises upper lip (billy idol) |
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Term
| what two arteries vascularize face? |
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Definition
| external carotid artery and internal carotid artery |
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Term
| what do the branches of the external and internal carotid arteries do in the face? |
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Definition
| perfuse tissues and anastomose with one another |
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Term
| the facial artery is a branch of which artery? |
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Definition
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Term
| what vein provides the majority of the veinous drainage of the face? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what courses with the facial vein? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what does the facial vein drain into? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| why can blood in facial vein flow in either direction? |
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Definition
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Term
| describe facial vein in face/head |
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Definition
| has many connections/channels that pass into deeper regions of head where the channels interconnect with "intracranial veins and sinuses" |
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Term
| what are the muscles of mastication? |
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Definition
| temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoids |
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Term
| what innervates the muscles of mastication? |
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Definition
| motor root of trigeminal nerve (CNV) |
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Term
| what is the action of the temporalis, masseter, and lateral and medial pterygoids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| O: zygomatic arch; I: lateral surface of ramus and angle of mandible; A: elevates, retracts, protrudes jaw; N: trigeminal nerve CNV |
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|
Term
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Definition
| O: temporal fossa, I: coronoid process, A: elevates and retracts mandible, N: trigeminal nerve CNV |
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Term
|
Definition
| O: lateral surface lateral pterygoid plate, infratemporal surfrace sphenoid, I: articular disc, TMJ capsule, fovea of condyle; A: protrusion to open mouth, moves mandblie toward opposite side; N: trigeminal nerve CNV |
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Term
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Definition
| O: medial side of lateral pterygoid plate, tuberosity of the maxilla; I: internal surface of ramus and angle of mandible; A: elevates mandible to assist in protrusion; N: trigeminal nerve CNV |
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Term
| what type of joint is the temporomandibular joint? |
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Definition
| bilateral modified hinge-type synovial joint |
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|
Term
| what are the articular surfaces involved in the temporomandibular joint? |
|
Definition
| condyle of the mandible, articular tubercle of temporal bone, mandibular fossa |
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|
Term
| what surrounds the temporomandibular joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the lateral temporomandibular ligament? |
|
Definition
| a thick intrinsic ligament that strengthens and helps prevent posterior dislocation of the temporomandibular joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the stylomandibular joint? |
|
Definition
| thick extrinsic ligament from styloid process to mandible |
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Term
| what is the sphenomandibular ligament/ |
|
Definition
| extrinsic ligament that helps support mandible |
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|
Term
| what does the articular disc of the TMJ do? |
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Definition
| divides the joint into 2 separate compartments |
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Term
| what are the 2 compartments that the articular disc divides the TMJ into? |
|
Definition
| upper synovial cavity and lower synovial cavity |
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|
Term
| what is the upper synovial cavity of the TMJ? |
|
Definition
| where gliding movements occur (Protrusion and retrusion) |
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|
Term
| what happens in the lower synovial cavity of the TMJ? |
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Definition
| where rotational movements occur (depression and elevation) |
|
|
Term
| how are TMJ movements more complex than a simple hinge joint? |
|
Definition
| they require several muscles acting together on the mandible and articular disc |
|
|
Term
| what happens to open the mouth? |
|
Definition
| lateral pterygoids contract, disc and condyle slide anteriorly, condyle protrudes beneath the articular tubercle |
|
|
Term
| what happens to close the mouth? |
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Definition
| lateral pterygoids relax which permits retrusion of articular disc and condyle back to mandibular fossa in upper synovial cavity, retrusion is assisted by the temporalis and masseter |
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|
Term
| what is the largest salivary gland? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what encloses the parotid gland? |
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Definition
| tough fascial sheath that is a continuation of the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia |
|
|
Term
| what duct does the parotid gland drain through? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| describe path of parotid duct |
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Definition
| from parotid gland passes superficial to masseter muscle, pierces buccinator, and enters oral cavity |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the parotid gland? |
|
Definition
| glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) = parasympathetic innervation |
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|
Term
| what 2 structures pass through the parotid gland? |
|
Definition
| facial nerve (CN VII), external carotid |
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|
Term
| describe path of facial nerve CN VII |
|
Definition
| exits skull via stylomastoid foramen, goes into parotid gland, divides into terminal branches |
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|
Term
| what are the terminal branches of facial nerve CN VII |
|
Definition
| temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical |
|
|
Term
| what is the result of injury to the facial nerve? |
|
Definition
| paralysis of facial muscles on the affected side |
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|
Term
| why are facial nerves subject to injury? |
|
Definition
| because they are superficial |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| idiopathic facial nerve palsy |
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|
Term
| bell's palsy is most common in which age groups? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what does external carotid artery do within parotid gland? |
|
Definition
| divides into its terminal branches: maxillary, superficial temporal |
|
|
Term
| what is the great sensory nerve of the face? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the trigeminal ganglion |
|
Definition
| sensory ganglion of the trigeminal nerve that resides in the cranial cavity |
|
|
Term
| what is in the trigeminal ganglion? |
|
Definition
| cell bodies of sensory neurons of the trigeminal nerve |
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 main divisions of the trigeminal nerve CNV? |
|
Definition
| opthalmic division, maxillary division, mandibular division |
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|
Term
| describe the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve |
|
Definition
| conveys general sensory (GSA) information |
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|
Term
| describe the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve |
|
Definition
| conveys general sensory (GSA) information |
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|
Term
| describe the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve |
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Definition
| conveys general sensory (GSA) information, also carries motor fibers to innervate muscles of mastication |
|
|
Term
| what is a sensory branch from the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a sensory branch from the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a sensory branch from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve provide cutaneous innervation? |
|
Definition
| between eyes and forehead (frontal bone region) |
|
|
Term
| where does the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve provide cutaneous innervation? |
|
Definition
| between eyes and mouth (maxillary bone region) |
|
|
Term
| where does the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve provide cutaneous innervation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what muscles do the motor fibers of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
| masseter, termporalis, pterygoids, mylohyoid, anterior digastric |
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