Term
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Definition
ORIGIN: Medial process of tuberosity of the calcaneous.
INSERTION: Medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the great toe.
ACTION: Abducts and assists in flexion of the metatrsalphalangeal joint of the great toe. |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN: 1. Apex of coracoid process of scapula. 2. Supraglenoid tubercel of scapula
INSERTION: Tuberosity of radius
ACTION: flexes shoulder joint
short head - assist with adduction
Long head - assist with abduction
Origin fixed - flexes elbow
Insertion fixed - flexes elbow moving humerous toward the forearm (think pull-up) |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN: Long head - Distal part of the sacrotuberous ligament
Short head - Lateral lip of the linea aspera, proximal 2/3 of supracondylar line
INSERTION: Lateral side of fibular head & lateral condyle of tibia
ACTION: Both heads flex and laterally rotate the knee. Long head extends and assists in lateral rotation of the hip |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN: Distal 1/2 anterior surface of of the humerous
INSERTION: Tuberosity and coronoid process of the ulna
ACTION: Origin fixed - flexes the elbow joint
Insertion fixed flexes elbow moving humerous towards the forearm (think pull-up) |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN: Proximal 2/3 lateral supracondylar ridge of humerous
INSERTION: Lateral side of the base of the styloid process of radius
ACTION: Flexes elbow joint, assists in pronation |
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Term
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Definition
-Origin: Molar region of maxilla & mandible
-Insertion: Orbicularis oris
-Action: Draws corner of mouth laterally; compresses cheek (as in whistling and sucking); trampoline-like action of buccinator muscles helps hold food b/t teeth during chewing; well developed in nursing infants. |
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Term
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Definition
origin the perineal membrane fascia on the dorsum of the bulb of the penis
insertion, central tendon of the perineum and the median raphe on the free surface of the bulb
action, voluntarily constricts bulbous urethra when attempting to expel last drops after urination, or spasmodically with, and after, ejaculation to expel semen. |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Coracoid process of scapula with biceps brachii
INSERTION
Upper half medial border of humerus
ACTION
Flexes and weakly adducts arm |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula to deltoid tubercle
INSERTION
Middle of lateral surface of humerus (deltoid tuberosity)
ACTION
Abducts arm, anterior fibers flex and medial rotate, posterior fibers extend and lateral rotate |
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Term
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Definition
Diaphragm
-Origin: Xiphoid, inner surface of lower 6 ribs, lumbar vertebrae
-Insertion: Central tendon of the diaphragm
-Action: Pulls tendon down to increase volume of thoracic cavity creating partial vacuum |
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Term
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Definition
RIGIN
Transverse processes
INSERTION
Transverse processes several levels above
ACTION
Extends spine |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Common extensor origin on anterior aspect of lateral epicondyle of humerus
INSERTION
Posterior base of 3rd metacarpal
ACTION
Extends and abducts hand at wrist |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Common extensor origin on anterior aspect of lateral epicondyle of humerus
INSERTION
Base of 5th metacarpal via groove by ulnar styloid
ACTION
Extends and adducts hand at wrist |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Common extensor origin on anterior aspect of lateral epicondyle of humerus
INSERTION
External expansion to middle and distal phalanges by four tendons. Tendons 3 and 4 usually fuse and little finger just receives a slip
ACTION
Extends all joints of fingers |
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Term
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Definition
RIGIN
Anterior angles of lower eight ribs
INSERTION
Outer anterior half of iliac crest, inguinal lig, public tubercle and crest, and aponeurosis of anterior rectus sheath
ACTION
Supports abdominal wall, assists forced expiration, aids raising intraabdominal pressure and, with muscles of opposite side, abducts and rotates trunk |
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Term
EXTERNAL URETHRA SPHINCTER
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Definition
ORIGIN
Circular anatomical sphincter
INSERTION
Fuses with deep transverse perinei
ACTION
Maintains continence of urine |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Upper two thirds of lateral shaft of fibula , head of fibula and superior tibiofibular joint
INSERTION
Plantar aspect of base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform, passing deep to long plantar ligament
ACTION
Plantar flexes and everts foot. Supports lateral longitudinal and transverse arches |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Common flexor origin of medial epicondyle of humerus
INSERTION
Bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals via groove in trapezium and slip to scaphoid
ACTION
Flexes and abducts wrist |
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Term
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Definition
RIGIN
Humeral head: common flexor origin of medial epicondyle. Ulnar head: aponeurosis from medial olecranon and upper three quarters subcutaneous border of ulna
INSERTION
Pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal via pisohamate and pisometacarpal ligaments
ACTION
Flexes and adducts wrist. Fixes pisiform during action of hypothenar muscles |
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Term
FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS |
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Definition
ORIGIN
Humeral head: common flexor origin of medial epicondyle humerus, medial ligament of elbow. Ulnar head: medial border of coronoid process and fibrous arch. Radial head: whole length of anterior oblique line
INSERTION
Tendons split to insert onto sides of middle phalanges of medial four fingers
ACTION
Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints and secondarily metacarpophalangeal joints and wrist |
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Term
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Definition
Origin
Cuboid, lat cuneiform and tibialis posterior insertion over the two remaining cuneiforms
Action
Flexes MTP jnt of big toe. Supports med longitudinal arch
Insertion
Med tendon to med side of base of prox phalanx of big toe. Lat tendon to lat side of same, both via sesamoids |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Occipital : highest nuchal line and mastoid process. Frontal: superior fibers of upper facial muscles
INSERTION
Galeal aponeurosis
ACTION
Wrinkles forehead and fixes galeal aponeurosis |
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Term
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Definition
RIGIN
Lateral head: posterior surface of lateral condyle of femur and highest of three facets on lateral condyle. medial head: posterior surface of femur above medial condyle
INSERTION
Tendo calcaneus to middle of three facets on posterior aspect of calcaneus
ACTION
Plantar flexes foot. Flexes knee |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Outer surface of ilium behind posterior gluteal line and posterior third of iliac crest lumbar fascia, lateral mass of sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament and coccyx
INSERTION
Deepest quarter into gluteal tuberosity of femur, remaining three quarters into iliotibial tract (anterior surface of lateral condyle of tibia)
ACTION
Extends and laterally rotates hip. Maintains knee extended via iliotibial tract |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Outer surface of ilium between posterior and middle gluteal lines
INSERTION
Posterolateral surface of greater trocanter of femur
ACTION
Abducts and medially rotates hip. Tilts pelvis on walking |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Transverse processes of L1-5, bodies of T12-L5 and intervertebral discs below bodies of T12-L4
INSERTION
Middle surface of lesser trochanter of femur
ACTION
Flexes and laterally rotates hip |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Inferior border of ribs as far back as posterior angles
INSERTION
Superior border of ribs below , passing obliquely downwards and backwards
ACTION
Fix intercostal spaces during espiration. Aids forced inspiration by elevating ribs |
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Term
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Definition
Origin
Lumbar fascia, ant two thirds of iliac crest and lat two thirds of inguinal lig
Action
Supports abdominal wall, assists forced respiration, aids raising intraabdominal pressure & , with muscles of other side , abducts and rotates trunk. Conjoint tendon supports post wall of inguinal canal
Insertion
Costal margin, aponeurosis of rectus sheath (ant and post ), conjoint tendon to public crest and pectineal line |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN: Spinous processes of last 6 thoracic vertebrae, and last 3 ribs
INSERTION: Intertubercular groove of humerous
ACTION: Origin fixed - Medially rotates, adducts and extends shoulder. Insertion fixed - Assists in tilting pelves anteriorally and laterally |
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Term
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Definition
origin: cervical vertibrae
insertion: scapula
action: elevates and rotates scapula (shrugging shoulders) |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN: Transverse process of 1-4 cervical vertebrae
INSERTION: MEdial border of scapula
ACTION: ORIGIN fixed - elevates scapula
Insertion fixed unilaterally - laterally flexes cervical vertabrae
Insertion fixed bilaterally - Extension of cervical spine |
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Term
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Definition
-Origin: Zygomatic arch and maxilla
-Insertion: Angle and ramus of mandible
-action: prime mover of jaw closure; elevates mandible |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: The lateral portion of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone
Insertion: Galea aponeurotica
Action: Pulls the scalp posteriorly - See more at: http://thewellnessdigest.com/occipitalis-anatomy-origin-insertion-action-innervation/#sthash.07rC523r.dpuf |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Frontal and maxillary bones and ligaments around orbit
Insertion: Tissue of eyelid
Action: protects eyes from intense light and injury; various parts can be activated individually; produces blinking, squinting, & draws eyebrows inferiorly |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Arises indirectly from maxilla & mandible; fibers blended w/ fibers of other facial muscles associated w/ lips.
-Insertion: Encircles mouth; inserts into muscle and skin @ angles of mouth.
-Action: Closes lips; purses and protrudes lips; kissing and whistling muscle.
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Common flexor origin of medial epicondyle of humerus
INSERTION
Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
ACTION
Flexes wrist and tenses palmar aponeurosis |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Clavicular head-medial half clavicle. Sternocostal head-lateral manubrium and sternum, six upper costal cartilages and external oblique aponeurosis
INSERTION
Lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus and anterior lip of deltoid tuberosity
ACTION
Clavicular head:flexes and adducts arm. Sternal head: adducts and medially rotates arm . Accessory for inspiration |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
3, 4, 5 ribs
INSERTION
Medial and upper surface of coracoid process of scapula
ACTION
Elevates ribs if scapula fixed, protracts scapula (assists serratus anterior) |
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Term
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Definition
-Origin: Fascia of chest (over pectoral M and deltoid)
-Insertion: Lower margin of mandible, and skin & muscle at corner of mouth
-Action: Helps dress mandible ; pulls lower lip back and down, i.e., produces downward sag of mouth; tenses skin of neck (e.g during shaving)
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Term
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Definition
Origin
Post shaft of tibia above soleal line and below tibial condyles
Action
Unlocks extended knee by lat rotation of femur on tibia. Pulls back lat meniscus
Insertion
Middle of three facets on lat surface of lat condyle of femur. Tendon passes into capsule of knee to post part of lat meniscus |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Lower quarter of anteromedial shaft of ulna
INSERTION
Lower quarter of anterolateral shaft of radius and some interosseous membrane
ACTION
Pronates forearm and maintains ulna and radius opposed |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Humeral head: medial epicondyle, medial supracondylar ridge and medial intermuscular septum. Ulnar head: medial border of coronoid process
INSERTION
Just posterior to most prominent part of lateral convexity of radius
ACTION
Pronates forearm and flexes elbow |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Apices of transverse processes of L1-4, iliolumbar ligament and posterior third of iliac crest
INSERTION
Inferior border of 12th rib
ACTION
Fixes 12th rib during respiration and lateral flexes trunk |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Pubic crest and pubic symphysis
INSERTION
5, 6, 7 costal cartilages, medial inferiorcostal margin and posterior aspect of xiphoid
ACTION
Flexes trunk, aids forced expiration and raise intra-abdominal pressure |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN:
Minor - spinous processes C7 - T1
INSERTION:
Mior - Medial border of spine of scapula
ACTION: Adduction and elevation of scapula, and rotation |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Immediately below anterior superior iliac spine
INSERTION
Upper medial surface of shaft of tibia
ACTION
Flexes, abducts, laterally rotates thigh at hip. Flexes, medially rotates leg at knee |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Upper outer quadrant of posterior surface of ischial tuberosity
INSERTION
Medial condyle of tibia below articular margin, fascia over popliteus and oblique popliteal ligament
ACTION
Flexes and medially rotates knee. Extends hip |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Upper inner quadrant of the posterior surface of the ischial tuberosity, conjoined with the long head of biceps femoris
Insertion: Upper part of the medial surface of the tibia, behind the attachment of the sartorius and distal and slightly anterior to the attachment of the gracilis. Action: Extension of the thigh at the hip, flexion of the leg at the knee, internal rotation of the knee when knee is flexed |
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Term
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Definition
RIGIN
Upper eight ribs and anterior intercostal membranes from midclavicular line. Lower four interdigitating with external oblique
INSERTION
Inner medial border scapula. 1 and 2: upper angle; 3 and 4: length of costal surface ; 5-8: inferior angle
ACTION
Laterally rotates and protracts scapula |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Soleal line and middle third of posterior border of tibia and upper quarter of posterior shaft of fibula including neck
INSERTION
Tendo calcaneus to middle of three facets on posterior surface of calcaneus
ACTION
Plantar flexes foot (aids venous return) |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Lower ligament nuchae, spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments T1-3
INSERTION
Lateral occiput between superior and inferior nuchal lines
ACTION
Extends and rotates cervical spine |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Anterior and superior manubrium and superior medial third of clavicle
INSERTION
Lateral aspect of mastoid process and anterior half of superior nuchal line
ACTION
Flexes and laterally rotates cervical spine. Protracts head when acting together . Extends neck when neck already partially extended |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Costochondral junction of 1st rib
INSERTION
Subclavian groove on inferior surface of middle third of clavicle
ACTION
Depresses clavicle and steadies it during shoulder movements |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Medial two thirds of subscapular fossa
INSERTION
Lesser tuberosity of humerus, upper medial lip of bicipital groove, capsule of shoulder joint
ACTION
Medially rotates arm and stabilizes shoulder joint |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Deep part (horizontal):supinator crest and fossa of ulna. Superficial part (downwards): lateral epicondyle and lateral ligament of elbow and annular ligament
INSERTION
Neck and shaft of radius, between anterior and posterior oblique lines
ACTION
Supinates forearm. Only acts alone when elbow extended |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Medial three quarters of supraspinous fossa of scapula, upper surface of spine (bipennate)
INSERTION
Superior facet on greater tuberosity of humerus and capsule of shoulder joint
ACTION
Abducts arm and stabilizes shoulder joint |
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Term
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Definition
-Origin: Temporal fossa -
Insertion: Coronoid process of mandible via a tendon that passes deep to zygomatic arch -
Action: Closes jaw; elevates and retracts mandible; synergist of pterygoids (see below) in side-to-side movements; maintains position of the mandible at rest
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Upper half of lateral shaft of tibia and interosseous membrane
INSERTION
Inferomedial aspect of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
ACTION
Extends and inverts foot at ankle. Holds up medial longitudinal arch of foot |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN upper half of posterior shaft of tibia and upper half of fibula between medial nerve crest and interosseous border, and interosseous membrane
INSERTION Tuberosity of navicular bone and all tarsal bones (except talus) and spring ligament
ACTION Plantar flexes and inverts foot. Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot |
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Term
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Definition
origin: ilium
insertion: linea alba; pubis
action: only works as compressor of abdomen |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: lateral border of sternum
Insertion: first rib
Action: draws sternum cranially |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN: Upper fibers - External occipital protuberance
Middle fibers- Spinous processes of 1-5 vertebrae
Lower fibers - Spinois processes 0f 6-12 thoracic vertebrae
INSERTION - Upper fibers - Lateral 1/3 of clavicle & acromion process
Middle fibers - Medial margin of acromion process & superior lip of the spine
Lower fibers - Apex of the spine of scapula
ACTION - Origin fixed - Adduction of scapula
Insertion fixed - upper fibers extend, laterally flex and rotate the head and joints of cervical vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula. lateral head: upper half posterior humerus (linear origin). medial head: lies deep on lower half posterior humerus inferomedial to spiral groove and both intermuscular septa
INSERTION
Posterior part of upper surface of olecranon process of ulna and posterior capsule
ACTION
Extends elbow. Long head stabilizes shoulder joint. medial head retracts capsule of elbow joint on extension |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN: Distal 1/2 of the intertrochanteric line
INSERTION: Proximal border of patella and through the patella ligament to tuberosity of tibia
ACTION: Extends the knee joint |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: zygomatic bone
Insertion: skin & muscle at corner of mouth
Action: Raises lateral corners of mouth upward (smiling muscle) |
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