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| filament that constitutes myofibrils. Of two types: actin and myosin. |
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| The plasma membrane surface of a muscle fiber. |
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| The nonfibrillar cytoplasm of a muscle fiber. |
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| Muscle composed of cyndrilical multinucleate cells with obvious striations; the muscle(s) attached to the body's skeleton; voluntary muscle. |
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| Muscle under strict nervous control; skeltal muscle. |
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| Muscles that cannot be ordinarily be controlled voluntarily. |
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| specialized muscle of the heart |
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| Spindle shaped cells with one centrally located nucleus and no externally visible striations (bands). Found mainly in most of the hollow organs. |
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| Ability to respond to stimuli. |
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| Muscle cell's ability to move by shortening. |
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| ability of muscle to perform movement that increases the angle of a joint. |
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| ablitiy to receive and respond to a stimulus. |
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| ability to shorten forcibily when adequately stimulated. |
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| ability to be stretched or extended. |
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| ability of a muscle fiber to recoil and resume its resting length after being stretched. |
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| An overcoat of dense irregular connective tissue surrounds the whole muscle. (Outside the muscle) |
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| A layer of fibrous connective tissue that surrounds each fascicle. |
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| What skeletal muscle fibers are grouped into. They resemble bundles of sticks . |
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| Within a fasicle, each muscle fiber is surrounded by a fine sheath of connective tissue consisting mostly of reticular fibers called this... |
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| Attachment of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during muscular contraction. |
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| Movable attachment of a muscle. |
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| Fibrous or membranous sheet connecting a muscle and the part it moves. |
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| This occurs when the epimysium of the muscle is fused to the periosteum of a bone or perichondirum of a cartilage. |
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| Occurs when the muscle's connective tissue wrappings extend beyond the muscle as a ropelike tendonor a sheetlike aponeurosis. |
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| A red pigment that stores oxygen within the muscle cells. |
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| Rodlike bundle of contractile filaments (myofilaments) found in muscle cells. |
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The dark-staining anisotropic cross striations in the myofibrils of muscle fibres, comprising regions of overlapping thick (myosin) and thin (actin) filaments.
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| A contractile protein of muscle |
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| One of the principle contractile proteins found in muscle |
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| Specialized endoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells. |
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| Extension of the muslce cell plasma membrane (sarcolemma) that protrudes deeply into the muscle cell. |
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| To shorten or develop tension, an ability highly developed in muscle cells |
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| Region where a motor neuron comes into close contact with a skeletal muscle cell. |
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| Troughlike part of a muscle fiber's sarcolemma that helps form the neruromuscluar junction. |
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| Loss of a state of polarity; loss or reduction of negative membrane potential. |
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| A large transient depolarization event, including polarity reversal, that is conducted along the membrane of a muscle cell or a nerve fiber. |
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| Movement of the membrane potential to the initial resting (polarized) state. |
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| Period during which an excitable cell is not responsive to a threshold stimulus. |
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| The force exerted by a contracting muscle on some object. |
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| A motor neuron and all the muscle cells it stimulates. |
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| A graphic recording of mechanical contractile activity produced by an apparatus that measures muscle contraction. |
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| The response of a muscle to a single brief threshold stimulus. |
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| Period of time between stimulation and the onset of muscle contraction. |
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| Variations in the degree of muscle contraction by changing either the frequency or strength of the stimulus. |
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| multiple motor unit summation |
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| Weakest stimulus capable of producing a response in an irritable tissue. |
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| Sustained partial contraction of a muscle in response to stretch receptor inputs; keeps the muscle health and ready to act. |
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| Contraction in which muscle tension remains constant at a given joint angle and load, and the muscle shortens. |
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| Contraction in which muscle tension remains constant at a given joint angle and load, and the muscle shortens. |
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| Organic molecule that stores and releases chemical energy for use in body cells. |
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| Compound that serves as an alternative energy source for muscle tissue. |
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| Enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate from phosphocreatine to ADP; forming creatine and ATP; important in muscle contraction. |
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| Respiration in which oxygen is consumed and glucose is broken down entirely; water, carbon dioxide, and large amounts of ATP are the final products. |
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| oxidative phosphorylation |
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| Process of ATP synthesis during which an inorganic phosphate group is attached to ADP; occurs via the electron transport chain within the mitochondria. |
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| The length of a time a muscle can continue to contract using aerobic pathways. |
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| The point at which muscle metabolism converts to anaerboic glycolysis. |
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| The volume of oxygen required after exercise to oxidize the lactic acid formed during exercise |
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| length-tension relationship |
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| Progressive, wavelike contractions that move foodstuffs through the alimentary tube organs (or that move other substances through other hollow body organs. |
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| myosin light chain kinase |
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| Muscle that bears the major responsibilty for effecting a particular movement; a prime mover. |
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| Muscle that reverses, or opposes, the action of another muscle. |
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| Muscle that immobilzes one or more bones, allowing other muscles to act from a stable base. |
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| Movement that decreases the angle of the joint. |
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| Movement that increases the angle of a joint |
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| turning foot in toward midline |
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| turning sole of foot away from midline |
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| Movement of a body part so that it outlines a cone in space. |
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| Muscle that moves away from the midline of the body. |
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| Muscle that moves toward the midline of the body. |
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| The turning of a bone around itw own long axis. |
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