Origin: Mastoid process

Insertion: Galeal aponeurosis

Action: Wrinkles forehead

Action: Wrinkles forehead (near eyebrows)

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Action: closes eyelids and aids passage/drainage of tears

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Action: Narrows mouth orifice, puckers lips

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Action: Aids mastication, tenses cheeks

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Action: depresses the lower lip

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Action: elevates upper lip

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Action: Elevates & draws mouth laterally

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Origin: zygomatic arch and zygomatic process

Insertion: lower ramus of mandible

Action: Elevates mandible (closure of the mouth)

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Action: Elevates mandible

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Action: Elevates hyoid bone. Depresses mandible and aids swallowing

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Origin: Anterior + Superior Manubrium, Medial clavicle

Insertion: mastoid process, nuchal line

Action: Flexes and rotates cervical spine. Protracts/extends head and neck.

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Action: Extends + rotates cervical spine

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Action: Depresses/wrinkles skin of lower face. Aids in mandible depression

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Origin: Suprascapular ligament

Insertion: hyoid bone

Action: Depresses hyoid bone + larynx[image]

Action: Supports ab. wall, adducts and rotates trunk

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Action: Supports ab. wall, abducts and rotates trunk.

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Action: Supports ab. wall, aids forced expiration. Supports walls of inguinal canal

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Origin: Pubic symphysis & cretst

Insertion: costal cartilages and xyphoid process

Action: flexes trunk, aids in forced expiration

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Origin: medial head of clavicle, manubrium/sternum, upper costal cartilages

Insertion: bicipital groove of humerus and deltoid tuberosity

Action: flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm

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Action: Laterally rotates and protacts scapula

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Origin: Inferior border of the ribs

Insertion: Superior border of the ribs

Action: Fix intercostal spaces during respiration. Aids inforced inspiration by elevating ribs

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Origin: Inferior border of ribs

Insertion: Superior border of ribs

Action: Fix intercostal spaces during respiration. Aids forced inspiration by elevating ribs.

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Action: Inspiration

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Action: Extends and laterally flexes spine

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Action: laterally rotates and elevates scapula

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Action: Retracts scapula (back to rest position).

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Action: raises medial border of scapula

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Origin: iliac crest, lower thoracic/lumbar/sacral vertebrae, scapula 

Insertion: intertubercular suclus of humerus

Action: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm.[image]

Origin: clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Action: abducts arm

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Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula, upper surface of spine

Insertion: greater tuberosity of humerus, capsule of shoulder joint

Action: abducts arm, stabilizes shoulder joint

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Action: Laterally rotates arm and stabilizes shoulder joint

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Action: Medially rotates arm and stabilizes shoulder joint.

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Action: medially rotates and adducts arm

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Origin: Long head, supraglenoid tubercle of scapula. Short head, coracoid process

Insertion: tuberosity of radius

Action: flexes elbow, weakly flexes shoulder, supinates forearm

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Action: flexes elbow

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Origin: Long head, infraglenoid tubercle of scapula. Medial head, posterior humerus.

Insertion: olecranon process of ulna

Action: Extends elbow. Stabilizes shoulder joint.

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Action: Flexes arm at elbow

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Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

Action: Flexes and abducts wrist

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Action: Flexes and adducts wrist

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Action: flexes metacarpals, phalanges, and wrist

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Action: Flexes distal phalanx of thumb

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Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: 3rd metacarpal 
Action: Extends and abducts hand at wrist

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Action: Extends and adducts hand at wrist

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Action: Extends all joints of fingers

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Action: Extends interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb.

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Action: Flexes and laterally rotates hip

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Action: Flexes medially, rotates hip

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Origin: Ilium, Iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx

Insertion: gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial tract

Action: Extends and laterally rotates hip

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Action: Abducts and medially rotates hip.

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Action: Adducts and medially rotates hip.

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Origin: below anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: upper medial shaft of tibia

Action: flexes, abducts, laterally rotates thigh at hip.

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Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine, ilium (above acetabulum)

Insertion: quadriceps tendon to patella to tubercle of tibia

Action: Extends leg at knee. Flexes thigh at hip.

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Origin: greater trochanter (femur), lateral linea aspera

Insertion: quadriceps tendon to patella to tubercle of tibia

Action: Extends knee

Action: Extends knee. Stabilizes patella.

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Action: Extends knee

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Action: Adducts hip. Flexes knee and medially rotates flexed knee.

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Action: Flexes and medially rotates knee.

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Action: Flexes and medially rotates knee. Extends hip.

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Action: Extends and inverts foot at ankle.

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Action: Plantar flexes and everts foot.

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Origin: medial & lateral condyles of femur.

Insertion: Calcaneus

Action: Plantar flexes foot. Flexes knee.

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Action: Plantar flexes foot

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Action: Flexes distal phalanges of lateral four toes

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Action: Extends toes as well as foot at ankle

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Origin: posterior fibula, aponeurosis of digitorum longus

Insertion: base of distal phalanx

Action:  Flexes distal phalanx of big toe

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