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Muscle Physiology
learning about the muscles
28
Anatomy
12th Grade
10/20/2008

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Term
Skeletal Muscle
Definition
voluntary movement
Term
Cardiac muscle
Definition
heart; involuntary movement
Term
Fascia
Definition
separates and holds individual skeletal muscles in place
Term
Tendon
Definition
holds muscle to bone
Term
Origin
Definition
immovable end of muscle
Term
insertion
Definition
movable end of muscle
*when a muscle contracts, its insertion is pulled TOWARD its origin*
Term
Prime Mover
Definition
Muscle responsible for most movement
Term
Synergist
Definition
assist prime movers
Term
antagonist
Definition
resist prime mover's action and are responsible for movemnt in OPPOSITE direction
Term
threshold stimulus
Definition
minimal strength needed to cause contraction
Term
all-or-none
Definition
no partial contraction
Term
recruitment
Definition
muscle fibers within a muscle are organized in to motor units.
Term
skeletal muscle fiibers
Definition
single cell of a muscle
Term
sarcoplasm (cytoplasm)
Definition
contains many mitochhondria and myofibrils whcih lie parallel
Term
Myofibrils
Definition
are key in muscle contraction they contain 2 kinds of protein filaments:
myosin
actin
Term
Myosin
Definition
thick-Abands-dark
Term
actin
Definition
thin-Iband-light
Term
Z lines
Definition
actin filaments are attached to it at the ewnd of I band
Term
Sarcomere
Definition
is the protein of the myofibril between 2 successive Z lines
Term
myology
Definition
study of muscle
Term
hypertrophy
Definition
muscle enlarge
Term
antrophy
Definition
decrease in size and strength
Term
muscular dystrophy
Definition
prgressively crippling disease, muscles atrophy
Term
myasthenia gravis
Definition
chronic; muscles easily fatigued
Term
paralysis
Definition
loss of ability to move body part
Term
paresis
Definition
partial paralysis of muscles
Term
shin splints
Definition
sorness of foront of lower leg, kue to straining, often as result of walking up and down hills
Term
toticollis
Definition
sternocleidomastoid contract involuntary
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