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Muscle Actions
Muscle Actions
71
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
04/24/2011

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Term
Sternocleidomastoid
Definition
Contraction of both flexes head, contraction of one rotates head
Term
Temporalis
Definition
Elevates and retracts mandible
Term
Masseter
Definition
Elevates and protracts mandible, main chewing muscle
Term
Buccinator
Definition
Retracts angle of mouth (flattens cheek)
Term
Zygomaticus major
Definition
Elevates and abducts upper lip
Term
Platysma
Definition
Depresses lower lip, wrinkles skin of neck and upper chest
Term
Mentalis
Definition
Elevates and wrinkles skin over chin
Term
Orbicularis oris
Definition
Puckers lips
Term
Occipitalis
Definition
Pulls scalp backward
Term
Frontalis
Definition
Elevates eyebrows, wrinkles forehead
Term
Orbicularis oculi
Definition
Closes eye
Term
External intercostal
Definition
Elevates ribs, increases thoracic volume
Term
Internal intercostal
Definition
Depresses ribs, decreases thoracic volume
Term
External abdominal oblique
Definition
Rotation of trunk
Term
Internal oblique
Definition
Rotation of trunk
Term
Transverse abdominus
Definition
Compresses abdomen
Term
Rectus abdominus
Definition
Compress abdomen, flexes trunk
Term
Biceps brachii
Definition
Flexes elbow, supinates forearm
Term
Brachialis
Definition
Flexes elbow joint
Term
Triceps brachii
Definition
Extends elbow joint
Term
Trapezius
Definition
Elevates & retracts scapulae
Term
Rhomboid major
Definition
Retracts, rotates scapulae
Term
Rhomboid minor
Definition
Retracts, rotates scapulae
Term
:evator scapulae
Definition
Elevates, retracts, rotates scapulae
Term
Pectoralis major
Definition
Adducts arm, flexes arm at the shoulder, medially rotates arm
Term
Pectoralis minor
Definition
Depresses scapulae, elevates ribs
Term
Serratus anterior
Definition
Protracts scapulae, rotates scapulae, elevates ribs
Term
Deltoid
Definition
Abducts humerous, medially & laterally rotates arm, flexes shoulder
Term
Teres major
Definition
Adducts arm, extens arm at shoulder, medially rotates arm
Term
Subscapularis (rotator cuff)
Definition
Medial rotation of humerus
Term
Teres minor (rotator cuff)
Definition
Lateral rotation of humerus, adducts arm, extends shoulder
Term
Infraspinatus (rotator cuff)
Definition
Lateral rotation of humerus, extends shoulder
Term
Supraspinatus (rotator cuff)
Definition
Abducts arm
Term
Gluteus maximus
Definition
Extends thigh at hip, rotates thigh medially
Term
Gluteus medius and minimus
Definition
abducts thigh, rotates thigh medially
Term
Tensor fasciae latae
Definition
Tenses lateral fascia, abducts hip, medially rotates thigh
Term
Semitendinosis (hamstring)
Definition
Extends thigh at hip, flexes leg at knee
Term
Semimembranosis (hamstring)
Definition
Extends thigh at hip, flexes leg at knee
Term
Biceps femoris (hamstring)
Definition
Extends thigh at hip, flexes leg at knee
Term
Iliopsas
Definition
Flexes thigh at hip, laterally rotates thigh
Term
Sartoris (quadricep)
Definition
Flexes hip and knee joints, laterally rotates femur
Term
Rectus femoris (quadricep)
Definition
Extends leg at knee
Term
Vastus lateralis (quadricep)
Definition
Extends leg at knee
Term
Vastus intermedius (quadricep)
Definition
Extends leg at knee
Term
Pectineus
Definition
Adducts thigh at hip
Term
Adductor longus
Definition
Adducts thigh at hip, laterally rotates thigh
Term
Adductor magnus
Definition
Adducts thigh at hip, laterally rotates thigh
Term
Adductor brevis
Definition
Adducts thigh at hip, laterally rotates thigh
Term
Fibularis longus
Definition
Eversion of foot
Term
Fibularis brevis
Definition
Eversion of the foot
Term
Tibialis anterior
Definition
Dorsal flexion of foot
Term
Gastrocenemius
Definition
Plantar flexes foot, helps flex knee, lifts heel off ground when walking
Term
Soleus
Definition
Plantar flexes foot
Term
Popliteus
Definition
Flexes knee, medially rotates leg
Term
Tibialis anterior
Definition
Produces dorsiflexion and inversion of foot
Term
Tibialis posterior
Definition
Plantar flexes and inverts foot
Term
Fibularis tertius
Definition
Dorsiflexes and everts the foot
Term
Flexor hallucis longus
Definition
Flexes the great toe
Term
Flexes digitorum longus
Definition
Flexes toes 2-5; aids in plantar flexion of the foot
Term
Extensor digitorum longus
Definition
Extends toes 2-5; aids in dorsiflexion of the foot
Term
Extensor hallucis longus
Definition
Extends the great toe; aids in dorsiflexion of foot
Term
Flexor carpi radialis
Definition
Flexes and abducts the hand
Term
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Definition
Flexes and adducts the hand
Term
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Definition
Flexes middle phalanges of fingers 2-5
Term
Flexor digitorum profundus
Definition
Flexes the distal phalanges of fingers 2-5
Term
Flexor pollicis longus
Definition
Flexes the thumb
Term
Extensor carpi radialis longus & brevis
Definition
Both muscles extend and abduct the hand
Term
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Definition
Extends and adducts the hand
Term
Extensor digitorum
Definition
Extends fingers 2-5
Term
Extensor pollicis longus
Definition
Extends the thumb
Term
Abductor pollicis
Definition
Abducts the thumb
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