Term
| what recpetors do Ach act on? |
|
Definition
| muscarinic and nicotinic receptors |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What are the two types of nicotinic receptors |
|
Definition
ganglia
skeletal muscle end plates |
|
|
Term
| what are the two types of cholinergics? |
|
Definition
direct acting
Indirect (Ach esterase)
don't confuse w/anti-cholinergics!!! |
|
|
Term
| M1 receptors are located where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| M2 receptors are located where? |
|
Definition
| Heart, nerves, smooth muscle (Gi) |
|
|
Term
| M3 receptors are located where? |
|
Definition
| Glands, smooth muscle, endothelium |
|
|
Term
| M4 and 5 receptors are located where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscarinic receptor effect on blood vessels |
|
Definition
M3 receptor
NO production in endothelium
decrease resistance and BP
Tachycardia (baroflex) |
|
|
Term
| Muscarinic receptor effect on Heart |
|
Definition
M2
decreases Ca; activates K+ channels
symp nerve endings- inhibit NE
Para nerve endings- inhibit Ach |
|
|
Term
| Muscarinic receptor effect on bronchial smooth muscle |
|
Definition
M3
direct contraction (constriction) |
|
|
Term
| Muscarinic receptor effect on on Bronchial glands |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscarinic receptor effect on urinary bladder |
|
Definition
M3
Contraction of detrusor muscle
relaxation of sphincter muscle |
|
|
Term
| Muscarinic receptor effect on GI tract |
|
Definition
M1 receptor- myenteric plexus
M3/M2 secretions muscles |
|
|
Term
| Muscarinic receptor effect on exocrine glands |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscarinic receptor effect on the eye |
|
Definition
M3/M2 miosis and accomodation for near vision
lowers intraocular pressure |
|
|
Term
| Muscarinic receptor effect on CNS |
|
Definition
M1- epileptogenesis
M2/4- anagesia
M3-food intake (hypothalamus)
M5- reward circuitry |
|
|
Term
| What are the two groups of direct acting cholinomimetics |
|
Definition
| Choline esters and alkaloids |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 choline esters? |
|
Definition
| methacholine, carbachol, bethanechol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
less susceptible to degradation than Ach
more selective in organ effects
quaternary amine, hydrophillic
poor PO |
|
|
Term
| What are the two natural alkaloids |
|
Definition
Muscarine -quat. less absorbed
Pilocarpine- tert. well absorbed
CAN cross BBB |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhalation spray in bronchial provocation test |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
eye drop
greater nicotinic actions than Ach
Greater GI, Bladder, Eye
Less effective: CV
resist to AchE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Wide angle glaucoma
constricts eyes during surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pupillary constriction
cyclospasm
conjunctival hyperemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
musc similar to carbachol
M2/3 receptors
NO nicotinic activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
resist. to AchE
Urinary retention
Post-op abdominal distention |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flushing
epigastric distress, abd cramps |
|
|
Term
| Bethanechol contraindications |
|
Definition
Peptic ulcer
asthma
CV insufficiency |
|
|
Term
| Bethanechol drug interactions |
|
Definition
quinidine and procainamide antagonizes
reserpine- profound hyperthermia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alkaloid responsible for mushroom poisoning (atropine treats it) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
eye drop
M3 activity
reduce open angle glaucoma or closed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ciliary spasm
reduced visual acuity
conjunctival vascular congestion |
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