Scale

Series of pitches arranged in order from low to high or high to low.

Dominant

Triad built on the fifth note of the scale, which sets up tension that is resolved by the tonic chord.

Tonic

Central tone of a melody or larger piece of music.  When a piece is in the key of C major, for example, C is the keynote.

Modulation

Shift from one key to another within the same piece.

Texture

Homophonic

Term describing music in which one main melody is accompanied by chords.

Monophonic

Single melodic line without accompaniment. 

Polyphonic

Unison

Counterpoint

Contrapuntal

Imitation

Harmony

Chord

Cadence

Downbeat

Instrument Families

Methods of Tone

Production

Brass

Woodwinds

Pitched vs. Unpitched

Tempo

Dynamics

Meter

Syncopation

Triad

Progression

Resolution

Metronome

Key

Melody

Tone

Rhythm

Beat

Step

Interval

Sequence

Phrase

Dissonance

Consonance

Broken Chord

Arpeggio

Italian Tempo Terms

Allegro

Vivace

Adagio

Largo

Andante

Italian Dynamic Terms

Piano

Forte

Timbre

Sharp Sign

Natural Sign

Flat Sign

Staff

Clef

Stem

Bar

Style

Mute

Pitch

Accent

Volume

Reed

Form

Binary

Ternary

Variation

Repetition 

Contrast

Time Signature

Key Signature

MIDI

Round

Statement

Counterstatement