Term
| possible finger movements |
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Definition
finger flex 90degress/extens (hyperexten 10degrees)
thumb flex/exten = occurs at MCPJ
thumb abduction 90degrees upwards to palm (pt moves thumb towards ceiling), abduction returns thumb to palm and occurs at carpometacarpal joint
thumb opposition - touch base of pinky finger |
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Term
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Definition
flexion 75 degrees
extension 90 degrees
ulnar deviation ~55 degrees
radial deviation ~20 degrees |
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Term
| possible forearm movements |
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Definition
pronation 90 degrees
supination |
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Term
| possible movements of elbow |
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Definition
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Term
| describe palpation of the shoulder joint |
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Definition
initailly inspect from front and back and side.
start at stern clavicular joint, walk fingers laterally along clavicle until acromio clavicular joint. posteriorly palpate the acrominum and the spine of the scapula to the edge. feel the head of the humerus |
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Term
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Definition
flexion 180 degrees
extension -60 degrees
abduction 180 degrees. 2 stages: 1st 90 degrees due to glenohumeral joint, 2nd 90 due to rotation of scapula
internal and external rotation |
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Term
| what are you looking for in spine inspection |
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Definition
pt should be in underwear. inspect for pigmentation, abnormal hair growth, unusual skin creases, alignment of neck and shoulder symmetry.
look for hunchback(kyphosis), lordosis (lumbar pushed out), scoliosis (lateral curvature of lumbar or thoracic spine) |
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Term
| possible movements at cervical spine |
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Definition
flex ~45 degrees pt to touch chin to chest
exten ~45 look up and back
lateral flexion ~45, ask pt to touch ear to shoulder without raising the shoulders
rotattion ~70 degrees , ask pt to look back over each shoulder |
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Term
| movements at thoracolumbar spine |
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Definition
flexion , ask pt to touch toes without bending knees
exten, ask pt to bend as far back as poss
lateral flexion , ask pt to slide hand down outer thigh without bending forwards
rotaion - sit pt down to fix pelvis. view pt from above. ask pt to turn to one side and then the other as far as possible |
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Term
| possible movements at hip joint |
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Definition
flexion 115 bend knee up to chest
extension 30 degrees pt should be prone
abduction 45 degrees
adduction ~30 degrees
external and internal rotation ~45 |
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Term
| how is internal and external rotation of the hip demonstrated? |
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Definition
pt flexes knee and jip. hold knee with one hand and foot of pt with another.
passively moot foot medially to get external rotation
passively move foot laterally to achieve internal rotation |
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Term
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Definition
flex ~135 degrees
exten ~5 degrees hyperextension
lateral and medial collateral ligaments <5 degrees
ACL and PCL |
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Term
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Definition
pull tibia forward to test ACL
push tibia back for PCL |
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Term
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Definition
dorsiflexion, hold down pts lower leg ~20 degrees
Plantarflexion ~50 degrees
inversion
eversion |
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Term
| possible movements at toes |
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Definition
extension
flexion
abduction
adduction |
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Term
| describe the trendelenberg test |
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Definition
ask pt to stand on one leg then the other. in normal: the non weight bearing leg is elevated or remains at the same level of the weight bearing leg
In joint/muscle disease, the non weight bearing side sags |
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Term
| how is true leg length measured? |
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Definition
| from ASIS to medial malleolus |
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