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MSE Terms
A basic dictionary of terms for the mental status exam
36
Psychology
Graduate
09/05/2017

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Term
Agraphia
Definition
The inability to write, in an individual who previously possessed the skill
Term
Dysgraphia
Definition
Difficulty with writing skills, in an individual who previously possessed this skill
Term
Alexia
Definition
The inability to read, in an individual who previously possessed the skill.
Term
Dyslexia
Definition
Difficulty with reading skills, in an individual who previously possessed the skill.
Term
Anomia
Definition
Difficulty finding and using the appropriate word; "Word finding difficulty"
Term
Paraphasia
Definition
Substitution of all or a part of a word, e.g., "Wrotebook" instead of "Notebook"
Term
Neologisms
Definition
Novel words that a patient spontaneously produces
Term
Aphasia
Definition
Language disturbance characterized by some or all the following errors: Errors of grammatical structure, difficulty finding and using the appropriate word (anomia), word substitutions (paraphasias),and impaired comprehension.
Term
Dysarthria
Definition
Difficulty with word enunciation
Term
Apraxia
Definition
The inability to perform a planned motor activity in the absence of paralysis of the muscles normally used in the performance of that act
Term
Dyspraxia
Definition
Difficulty in performing a planned motor activity in the absence of paralysis of the relevant muscles
Term
Tactile agnosia
Definition
Inability to recognize object by palpation (feeling) in the absence of a primary sensory deficit
Term
Agnosia
Definition
The inability to recognize familiar objects or persons
Term
Finger agnosia
Definition
Inability to identify fingers on request; often associated with L/R confusion, agraphia, and acalculia (Gerstmann's syndrome)
Term
Visual agnosia
Definition
Failure to recognize an object visually in the presence of adequate vision. Suggests lesion involving the visual association areas of the brain
Term
Hemiparesis; Hemiplegia
Definition
Paralysis of one side of the body secondary to brain injury
Term
Perseveration
Definition
The tendency to get "stuck" in repetition
Term
Rotations
Definition
Changes in the orientation of a reproduced figure on a drawing task
Term
Unilateral neglect
Definition
The inability to attend to one side of the visual/tactile field
Term
Abnormal posturing
Definition
Involuntary movements, such as tics, grimaces, etc.
Term
Illusion
Definition
Misperception of real stimuli
Term
Hallucinations
Definition
Subjective sensory experiences without actual environmental stimuli
Term
Perseverations
Definition
The patient repeats a word, set of words, or topic, seemingly unable to shift to a new idea
Term
Circumlocution
Definition
The patient has difficulty coming up with the term or topic s/he wants to address, and instead circles through peripheral topics in an attempt to "hit on" the correct term; "talking around"
Term
Tangential thinking
Definition
Ideation is disordered and difficult to follow; "loose associations"
Term
"Word Salad"
Definition
Associations are so loose that there is no obvious link from one word to the next; the effect is incoherent speech
Term
Lethargy
Definition
Fails to maintain normal alertness; will drift into sleep unless specifically stimulated
Term
Obtunded
Definition
Between lethargy and stupor; difficult to arouse and usually confused
Term
Stupor
Definition
Semicoma; not self-alerting; responds only to persistent external stimulation
Term
Coma
Definition
Traditionally, patients who cannot be aroused, although other systems of nomenclature identify lighter states of coma
Term
Echolalia
Definition
Patient's inappropriate repetition of what s/he hears; may include exact repetition without regard for changes in pronouns
Term
Confabulation
Definition
Associated with sever memory loss, confabulation refers to the reporting of completely false information
Term
Depersonalization
Definition
A strong sense of not being real or of not being one's self
Term
Deja vu experience
Definition
A sense that one has experienced in the past an event one is currently experiencing. Not unusual in persons with temporal lobe epilepsy.
Term
Propagnosia
Definition
Inability to recognize faces
Term
Homonomous hemianopia
Definition
Loss of half of vision from each eye
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