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Mr. Shearer
Populism and Progressivism
24
History
9th Grade
12/26/2008

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Cards

Term
Populist Party 1892
Definition
- Created by the people to protect farmers and other workers interests
 
- Wanted to
1. increase money supply
2. graduated income tax
3. federal loan program
4. series of governmental reforms (single terms, secret ballots, etc.)
5. 8 hour work day, limits on immigration 
Term
Farmers and $ supply
Definition
- Farmers borrowed "greenbacks" a less valuable form of $ created during the Civil War
 
- Banks required them to pay back loans in "hard money," money backed by gold.
 
- Essentially the farmers had to pay back more than they borrowed. 
Term
Grange Movement
Definition
- was a movement to organize and educate farmers
- spent much time fighting the railroads
- gave rise to the Farmers' Alliances which eventually became the Polulist Party
 
Patrons of Husbandry > Grange Movement > Farmers' Alliance > Polulist Party 
Term
Gold Standard
Definition
- a monetary system in which paper money is backed, or can be turned in for, gold
Term
Bimetallism
Definition
-backing money by both silver and gold
 
- populist party supported bimetallism 
 
Term
William Jennings Bryan
Definition
- Democratic candidate for president 
 
- populist party endorsed Bryan, but put their own candidate forward
 
 - Bryan gave an impassioned speech - "The Cross of Gold"  supporting bimtallism
Term
Booker T. Washington
Definition
- He believed racism would end when blacks acquired useful labor skills and proved their economic value
 
- Headed Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute designed for blacks to attain teaching diplomas and agricultural skills 
Term
W.E.B Du Bois
Definition
-1st black to receive a doctorate degree from Harvard
 
- Contrasting Booker T. Washington's gradual approach to equality, he wanted the most able blacks to get a liberal arts education, and then demand to become part of "white America"
 
- started the NAACP 
Term
Progressivism
Definition

Four Goals

- Protect social welfare (helping others, poor, immigrants, women, children, etc.)

 

-Promoting moral improvement (prohibition, WCTU)

 

- Creating economic reform (felt big business got favorable treatment and limited competition)

 

- Fostering efficiency  (assembly lines and in gov't)

Term
17th Amendment
Definition
- Passed in 1912, direct election of senators by the people instead of state legislatures.
Term
Suffragists
Definition
- attempted to get voting rights for women
 
- tried a 3 part strategy  - state legislatures, test the 14th amendment, national constitutional ammendment 
 
- minimal success, but made progress in other areas such as treatment of workers and safer food and drug products 
Term
muckraker
Definition
- one of the magazine journalist that exposed the corrupt side of business in public life
Term
Consumer Protection
Definition
- Meat Inspection Act 1906- clean up the meat packing industry with government inspections
 
- Pure Food and Drug Act 1906 - truth in labeling and halted the sale of contaminated food and drugs
Term

NAACP

 

the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People 

Definition
-Started by W.E.B Du Bois
 
-  Aimed for nothing less than full equality among the races
Term
Theodore Roosevelt
Definition
- Became president after McKinley was assasinated
 
- Felt the federal gov't had the repsonibility for national welfare and should assume control whenever states showed they could not
 
- Trustbusting, Consumer protection, Railroad regulation, Mediation of strikes, Conservationism
Term
William Howard Taft
Definition
-President following Roosevelt
 
- picked by Roosevelt to run
 
- ineffective
 
- Passed Payne-Aldrich Tariff, based on the Secretary of Interior he hired, wasn't seen as protecting consevationism
Term
Woodrow Wilson
Definition
- Porogressive ideas, beat Roosevelt, Taft and Debs in the election
 
- Stronger antitrust laws (FTC formed, Against monopolies, and workers could strike)
 
-Reduced tariffs
 
-Instituted federal income tax
 
- Set up the Federal Reserve banking system 
Term
16th Amendment
Definition
- Legalized a federal income tax (taxes paid to the federal government based on the amount of $ you make)
Term
19th Amendment
Definition
- 1919 gave women the right to vote
Term

Pendleton Civil Service Act

1883 

Definition
- Authorized a civil service commission to make appointments based on qualifications of a candidate not who he voted for
Term
18th Amendment
Definition
- prohibited the making, transporting, and selling of alcohol illegal
 
- it was not illegal to consume alcohol
 
- only amendment in the constitution to be repealed 
Term
Temperance
Definition
- attempts to reduce the amount of alcohol consumed within a community or society in general -- and even to prohibit its production and consumption entirely. 
Term
Vocational training
Definition
- traditionally non-academic and totally related to a specific trade, occupation or vocation (i.e. cosmetology, auto repair, printing, etc.)
Term
Marcus Garvey/ACS
Definition
 - believed African Americans should build a separate society
 
- 1914 formed Universal Negro Improvement Association advocating 
 
- Mid 1920's  claimed 1,000,000 followers, promoted plans for black owned businesses, and encouraged his followers to return to Africa
 
- support declined after he went to jail, but left a powerful legacy of pride and independence 
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