Term
| What is the location of the thyroid gland? |
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Definition
| Found in the neck inferior to (below) the thyroid cartilage (also known as the Adam's apple in men) |
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Term
| What is the function of Thyroxine? |
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Definition
Increases metabolic rate; regulates growth
and development |
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Term
| Purpose of the "lock and key" model. |
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Definition
| demonstrates how the substrate fits the active site of an enzyme like a key fits into a lock. |
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Term
Fill in the blanks:
_____ + _____ ---> ______ ---> ______+_____
E S E-S E P |
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Definition
Enzyme+ Substrate ---> Enzyme Substrate ---> Enzyme+ Product
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Term
What part of the enzyme does the substrate
join with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis? |
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Definition
| A template to create mRNA in the transcription phase. |
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Term
| What's mRNA used for in Protein Synthesis? |
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Definition
| It goes from the nucleus to ribosomes. Moving from transcription to translation as it ataches to the ribosomes. |
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Term
| What do ribosomes do in Translation? |
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Definition
| They read the mRNA's codons to find the tRNA with the complimentary nucleotides. |
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Term
| What is tRNA's purpose in protein synthesis? |
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Definition
| It as an anticodon at one end which is complemetary to the codon on the mRNA and an amino acid on the other. two attach to the ribosome form peptide bonds after which the tRNA breaks off to find another. When a stop codon is read the protien is release for use. |
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Term
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Definition
Caused by copying errors in the genetic material during cell division or by exposure to mutagens (ultraviolet or ionizing radiation, mutagen chemicals, or viruses.) Or possibly induced by the organism itself; cellular processes such as hyper mutation. |
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Term
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Definition
A physical or chemical agent that changes the genetic material (DNA) in an organism. Mutagens are usually chemical compound or ionizing radiation. Example: X-rays, gamma rays, and alpha particles. |
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Term
|
Definition
occurs at the ribosomes (RER or polysome)
mRNA provides instructions to put aa's into sequence for producing a protein |
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Term
|
Definition
| DNA acts as a template for the production of mRNA |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
protein
catalyzes a reaction
specific active site fit for a specific substrate |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what is "activation energy"? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are the roles of vitamins in biochemical reactions? |
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Definition
| vitamins are co-enzymes, help enzymes to function |
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Term
| define competitive inhibitor |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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|
Term
| define optimum temperature |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what can cause denaturation? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| how are temporary and permanent competitive inhibition different? |
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Definition
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Term
| the concentration of what generally affect reaction rate? |
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Definition
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Term
| the concentration of what generally affects the amount of product in an enzymatic reaction? |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the generalized equation for an enzymatic reaction |
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Definition
| E + S --> E-S Complex --> E + P |
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Term
| where does transcription occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does translation occur? |
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Definition
| at a ribosome (RER or polysome) which is in the cytoplasm |
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