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transport of a substance across a cell membrane by diffusion; expenditure of energy is not required |
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| a type of passive transport, therefore, it is a net movement of molecules in and out of the cell across the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. |
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the net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration below a concentration gradient |
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the process that causes a liquid (especially water) to pass through the wall of a living cell
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| Channel-Mediated Passive Transport |
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Definition
| channels are specific, only allows one type of solute to pass through. Gated channels may be open or closed (inactive), and may be triggered by any of a variety of stimuli. Channels allow membranes to be selectively permeable. Aquaporins are water channels that permit rapid osmosis. |
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| Carrie-mediated passive transport. |
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| Carriers attract and bind to the solute, change shape and release the solute on the other side of the carrier. Carriers are usually reversible depending on the direction of the concentration gradient. |
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movement of all types of molecules across a cell membrane against its concentration gradient (from low to high concentration
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| Pumps are membrane transporters that move a substance against their concentration gradient, opposite of diffusion. |
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| Allows substances to enter or leave the interior of a cell without moving through its plasma membrane. |
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| The plasma membrane "traps" some extracellular material and brings it into the cell in a vesicle. [image] |
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| Phagocytosis "condition of cell eating" |
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Definition
| large particels are engulfed by the plasma membrane and enter the cell in vesicles. The vesicles fuse with lysosomes, which digest the particles. |
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| Pinocytosis "condition of cell drinking" |
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Definition
| fluid and the substances dissolved in it enter the cell. |
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| Receptor-mediated endocytosis |
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Definition
| membrane receptor molecules recognize substances to be brought in the cell. |
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| Process by which large molecules, notable proteins can leave the cell even though they are too large to move out through the plasma membrane. Large molecules are enclosed in membranous vesicles and then pulled to the plasma membrane by the cytoskeleton, where the contents are release. exocytosis also provides a way for new material to be added to the plasma membrane. [image] |
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