Term
| Normal speech requires the integrity and integration of... |
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Definition
| cognitive-linguistic processes, motor speech programming, and neuromuscular execution |
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Term
| cognitive-linguistic process |
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Definition
| organization and conversion of verbal "symbols" based on rules of language as stimulated from the external environment, thoughts, ideas, memory and emotions. |
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Term
| name the impairments of the cognitive-linguistic processes |
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Definition
| Dysphasia (imparied language) and Aphasia (without language) |
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Term
| definition of cognitive-linguistic impairment |
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Definition
| A multimodality reduction in the capacity to decode (interpret) & encode (formulate) meaningful linguistic elements, that is, words (morphemes) & larger syntactic units. It is manifested in difficulties with listening, reading, speaking, & writing. |
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Term
| Definition of Motor speech programming |
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Definition
| organization of the intended message for neuromuscular execution. It involves the selection & organization of sensorimotor programs that activate specific muscles or groups of muscles. |
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Term
| definition of neuromuscular execution |
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Definition
| motor "programs" transmitted through central and peripheral nervous systems that innervate the muscles of respiration, phonation, resonation, and articulation. |
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Term
| Impairment of motor speech programming is known as: |
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Definition
| dyspraxia (impaired programming) or apraxia (without programming) |
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Term
| What is the basis of apraxia |
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Definition
| certain brain circuits devoted specifically to the programming of articulatory movements are impaired. |
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Term
| muscle contractions result in... |
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Definition
| altering positions & movements of structures, thus producing an acoustic signal. |
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Term
| impairment of neuromuscular execution |
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Definition
| dysarthria (impaired articulation) Anarthria (without articulation) |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of speech disorders resulting from disturbances in muscular control...due to damage to the central or peripheral nervous system (with) some degree of weakness, incoordination, or altered muscle tone. |
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Term
| definition of motor speech disorders |
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Definition
| Disorders resulting from neurologic impairment affecting the motor programming or neuromuscular execution of speech. |
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Term
| name to broad types of motor speech disorders |
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Definition
| speech apraxia, the dysarthrias |
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Term
| Name other neurologic disorders that are not considered motor speech disorders |
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Definition
| neurogenic stuttering, palilalia, echolalia, aprosodia, pseudo-foreign dialect, and akinetic mutism |
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