Term
|
Definition
| the ways in which out actions are initiated, sustained, and directed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the why's of behaviour. The needs or wants that drive behaviour and explain why we do what we do |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Biological needs that must be met for survival (innate)
sleeping, eating, etc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Needs to stimulation and information (appear innate)
hugs, curiosity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Based on learned needs, drives, and goals
Approval, money, etc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Biological Needs theory behaviour is motivated by instincts
Freud: sexual and aggression instincts. Life and Death instincts William James: 37 instincts
Instinct theories ended up with over 570 instincts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Biological Needs Theory
The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
The Need -> Drive -> Drive-reducing behaviours
Created by Clark Hull in 1950
Based on homeostasis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Biological Needs Theory
Seek out stimulation to heighten our arousal. Whenever the level of stimulation drops below an organism's optimal level, teh organism seeks ways of increasing it. Optimal levels vary person to person.
High level=sensation seekers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
There is an optimal level of arousal for the best perfomance of any task; teh more complex the task, the lower the level of arousal that can be tolerated before performance deteriorates.
Easy task=needs high arousal
Best performance=moderate level of arousal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Our attraction (pull) exerted by incentives stems from our perception that it can satisfy a need ot in itself be desirable
Incentive: rewards or stimuli that motivate us to act
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A state of internal tension brought about by conflicting attitudes and behaviour
Theory: people are motivated to resolve discrepancies between their behaviours and attitudes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Abraham Maslow suggested that motivates are divived into severla level from basic survival needs to psychological and self-fulfillment needs
1. Physiological needs
2. Safety Needs
3. Belongingness and love needs
4. Esteem Needs
5. Self-Actualization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Social relationships, need for achievement |
|
|
Term
| Who was the main researcher on achievement? |
|
Definition
David McClelland
High need: challenging realistic goals
Low Need: motivated to avoid failure, taks on easy tasks or look for achievement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the form os sugar that circulates in the blood. Provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When low, we feel hungry. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 substances in the blood that are critical in regulating hunger levels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Protein secreted by fat cells, when abundant, causes brain to increase metabolism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight |
|
|
Term
| Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) |
|
Definition
body's base rate of energy expenditure (metabolism). The rate at which teh body uses energy for vital functions while at rest
age, sex, size, genetics, food intake |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cycle: teh 4 stages of sexual responding described by Masters & Johnson
1. excitement
2. plateau
3. orgasm
4. resolution |
|
|
