Term
| major categories of mood disorders |
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Definition
depressive disorders
bipolar disorders
based on etiology
a. mood disorder due to GMC
b. substance-induced mood disorder |
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Term
| depressive mood disorder subtypes |
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Definition
major depressive disorder
dysthymic disorder
depressive disorder NOS |
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Term
| signs of major depressive disorder |
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Definition
| one or more major depressive episodes (at least 2 weeks of depressed mood or loss of interest accompanied by at least four additional symptoms of depression). |
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Term
| signs of dysthymic disorder |
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Definition
| at least 2 years of depressed mood for more days than not, accompanied by additional depressive symptoms that do not meet criteria for a major depressive episode |
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Term
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Definition
| included for coding disorders with depressive features that do not meet criteria for Major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, adjustment disorder with depressed mood or adjustment disorder with mixed anxiety and depressed mood (or depressive symptoms about which there is inadequate or contradictory information). |
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Term
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Definition
| one or more manic or mixed episodes, usually accompanied by Major Depressive Episodes. |
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Term
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Definition
| one or more major depressive episodes accompanied by at least one hypomanic episode |
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Term
| cyclothymic disorder signs |
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Definition
| at least 2 years of numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms that do no meet criteria for a manic episode and numerous periods of depressive symptoms that do not meet criteria for a major depressive episode. |
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Term
| Bipolar Disorder NOS signs |
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Definition
| included for coding disorders with bipolar features that do not meet criteria for any of the specific bipolar disorders defined. There is either inadequate or contradictory information. |
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Term
| mood disorder due to a GMC |
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Definition
| prominent and persistent disturbance in mood that is judged to be a direct physiological consequence of a general medical condition. |
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Term
| substance induced mood disorder |
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Definition
| characterized by prominent and persistent disturbance in mood that is judged to be a direct physiological consequence of a drug abuse, medication, another somatic treatment for depression, or toxin exposure. |
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Term
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Definition
| included for coding disorders with mood symptoms that do not meet the criteria for any specific mood disorder and in which it is difficult to choose between depressive disorder NOS and and bipolar disorder NOS |
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Term
| criteria for mood episode |
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Definition
a period of at least 2 weeks during which there is either depressed mood or the loss of interest or pleasure in nearly all activities. In children and adolescents, the mood may be irritable rather than sad. The individual must also experience at least four additional symptoms drawn from a list that includes changes in appetite or weight, sleep, and psychomotor activity; decreased energy; feelings of worthlessness or guilt; difficulty thinking, concentrating, or making decisions; or recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal ideation, plans, or attempts.
Must be newly acquired or clearly worsened from pre-episode status |
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Term
| not a major depressive episode |
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Definition
drug use or side effects (not an episode)
bereavement for up to 2 months |
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Term
| pathophysiology for depressive episodes |
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Definition
he pathophysiology of a Major Depressive Episode may involve a dysregulation of a number of neurotransmitter systems, including the serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid systems. There is also evidence of alterations of several neuropeptides, including corticotropin-releasing hormone. Other hormones related in some cases. Associated with decreased blood flow in lateral prefrontal cortex.
these are not present in all with depressive episodes or MDD. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| well-known form involves a rigid, immobile position that is held by a person for a considerable length of time— often days, weeks, or longer. It can also refer to agitated, purposeless motor activity that is not stimulated by something in the environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| The essential feature of Cyclothymic Disorder is a chronic, fluctuating mood disturbance involving numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms (see page 365) and numerous periods of depressive symptoms (see page 349) (Criterion A). The hypomanic symptoms are of insufficient number, severity, pervasiveness, or duration to meet full criteria for a Manic Episode, and the depressive symptoms are of insufficient number, severity, pervasiveness, or duration to meet full criteria for a Major Depressive Episode. |
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Term
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Definition
| Diurnal mood variation is a symptom of depression defined by feeling worse in the morning and better as the day goes on. It's a symptom usually associated with more severe or melancholic depression and is accompanied by a range of other depression symptoms. These can include loss of appetite, sleep disturbance with early morning wakening, weight loss, low energy and low sex-drive. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| refers to an unrealistic sense of superiority, a sustained view of oneself as better than others that causes the narcissist to view others with disdain or as inferior. It also refers to a sense of uniqueness, the belief that few others have in common with oneself. |
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Term
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Definition
| A Hypomanic Episode is defined as a distinct period during which there is an abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood that lasts at least 4 days (Criterion A). This period of abnormal mood must be accompanied by at least three additional symptoms from a list.This list of additional symptoms is identical to those that define a Manic Episode except that delusions or hallucinations cannot be present. The mood during a Hypomanic Episode must be clearly different from the individual's usual nondepressed mood, and there must be a clear change in functioning that is not characteristic of the individual's usual functioning . |
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Term
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Definition
| This term dates back to the fourth century and continues to be used in DSM IV-TR. Refers to the following signs: anhedonia, early morning awakening with depression worse in the morning, psychomotor agitation or retardation, weight loss and feelings of guilt. |
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Term
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Definition
| repetitive and non-productive motor activity. May present as pacing or fidgeting. |
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Term
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Definition
| movements, reactions, and speech that are slowed |
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Term
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Definition
| four or more episodes of some type of mood disturbance within the past year; episodes meet criteria for either mania, hypomania, mixed or depressed episodes as identified in DSM IV-TR. |
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Term
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Definition
| nipolar depression is another name for major depressive disorder. It is a mood disorder characterized by a depressed mood, a lack of interest in activities normally enjoyed, changes in weight and sleep, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness and guilt, difficulty concentrating and thoughts of death and suicide. |
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Term
| average age of onset of Bipolar I |
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Definition
| 20 for both men and women |
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Term
| typical occurrence of episodes of BPI |
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Definition
| 4 every 10 years on average. intervals decrease with age. |
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Term
| distinguishing factor between MDD and bipolar |
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Definition
| depression is followed by at least one manic or mixed episode in Bipolar |
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Term
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Definition
The criteria are met both for a Manic Episode and for a Major Depressive Episode (except for duration) nearly every day during at least a 1-week period.
B. The mood disturbance is sufficiently severe to cause marked impairment in occupational functioning or in usual social activities or relationships with others, or to necessitate hospitalization to prevent harm to self or others, or there are psychotic features. |
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Term
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Definition
| usually first several weeks(6-12). goal is to achieve complete remission of symptoms and full return of psychosocial functioning |
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Term
| continuation phase of treatment |
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Definition
| several months usually(4-9 mos). the goal is to maintain euthymia and prevent relapse of the recent mood disturbance. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1 year to decades. Goal is reduction or prevention of future recurrences of illness. |
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Term
| most effective treatment for MDD according to the literature |
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Definition
| cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy are types of psychotherapy most successful. However, most success is found with psychotherapy and antidepressants together. |
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Term
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Definition
| combines interpersonal therapy with cognitive behavioral therapy. developed to influence chronobiological and psychosocial factors that disrupt healthy routines. |
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Term
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Definition
| antidepressant meds. side effects: dry mouth, weight gain, light-headedness. Fatal if overdosed |
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Term
| SSRIs-selective serotonin re- uptake inhibitors |
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Definition
| depressant meds. safer than tricyclics(TCAs) because no overdose fatalities.sexual side effects, gastro problems, headache, insomnia, increased agitation may occur. |
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Term
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Definition
| rarely used because of drug-drug interaction risks and strict dietary restrictions. |
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Term
| global mental functions affected by mood disorders |
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Definition
| orientation functions, sleep, temperament/personality functions, energy and drive functions. |
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Term
| specific mental functions associated with mood disorders |
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Definition
| attention and memory, perceptual functions, higher level cognitive functions, mental functions of language, psychomotor functions, emotional functions,experience of self and time functions. |
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Term
| major side effect of lithium |
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Definition
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Term
| cognitive behavioral therapy |
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Definition
| CBT, or cognitive behavior therapy, is currently one of the most accepted and useful methods for aiding depression. This is a relatively new approach through which the therapist works directly with a patient in order to identify the portion of the patient's negative thinking that is problematic. By determining which element of thought or behavior is hindering the patient's feeling of happiness, the therapist then teaches the patient how to successfully manage the situations (http://www.nacbt.org/). |
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