Term
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Definition
| a cell with 2 copies of each chromosome |
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Definition
| the cell produced by the fusion of a male and female gamete |
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Definition
| a cell with one copy of each nuclear chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| chromosomes that have the same arrangement of genetic loci, are identical in their structure and pair during meiosis |
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Term
| In humans, women are considered the ___ sex. |
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Definition
| The Y chromosome..it uniquely carries an important gene (or perhaps genes) that sets the switch toward male sexual differentiation. The gene product is called testis-determining factor, and the corresponding hypothesized gene is the testis-determining factor gene. Testis-determining factor causes the tissue that will become gonads to differentiate into testes instead of ovaries. |
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Term
| In humans, women are considered the ___ sex. |
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Definition
| homogametic human females carry two X chromosomes and are homogametic |
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Term
| In terms of the sex chromosomes, the gametes produced by a woman may contain |
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Definition
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Term
| A woman with triplo-X syndrome (47, XXX) is expected to have ______ Barr bodies in her cells |
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Definition
| 2...All but one X chromosome will be inactivated, so the woman will have two Barr bodies. Because the other X chromosomes are inactivated, such women develop normally |
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Term
| Nondisjunction may involve which type of chromosome? |
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Definition
| X chromosome, Y chromosome, or autosomes Normally, homologous chromosomes (in meiosis I) or sister chromatids (in meiosis II or mitosis) move to opposite poles at anaphase; when this fails to take place, chromosome nondisjunction results. Nondisjunction can involve either autosomes or the sex chromosomes |
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Term
| Traits such as color-blindness that are carried on the X chromosome and expressed primarily in males are ___ traits |
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Definition
| The condition of X-linked (sex-linked) genes in males is said to be hemizygous because the gene is present only once in the organism and there is therefore no homologous gene on the Y. |
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Term
| Which chromosomes are an autosomes? |
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Definition
| Chromosomes 1 through 22 are autosomes. The X and Y chromosomes are considered the sex chromosomes |
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Term
| With respect to the sex chromosomes, the genotype of a person with Turner syndrome is |
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Definition
| XO XO individuals with the normal two sets of autosomes are female and sterile, and they exhibit Turner syndrome. |
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Term
| If a trait is passed from a father only to his daughters and never to his sons, this trait is likely |
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Definition
| a dominant sex-linked trait recessive sex-linked traits are passed only from mothers to sons, dominant sex-linked traits are passed from fathers to daughters. |
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Term
| What sex chromosome do daughter get from fathers |
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Definition
| A trait carried on the Y chromosome is always passed to sons, who get a Y chromosome from their father, but daughters get only an X chromosome from their father. |
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Term
| Crossing over occurs in which stage of meiosis? |
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Definition
| Prophase I Wrong. Crossing over must occur before homologous chromosomes disjoin; thus, it occurs in prophase I. |
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Term
| What do anaphase II of meiosis and anaphase of mitosis have in common? |
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Definition
| Sister chromatids disjoin or separate in both of these stages. |
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Term
| When does the amount of DNA in a cell double during the cell cycle, and when does the number of chromosomes double? |
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Definition
| DNA doubles during S-phase of the cell cycle, and the number of chromosomes doubles when the sister chromatids disjoin in anaphase. Correct. DNA is replicated and the two sister chromatids are made during the S-phase of the cell cycle. However, the number of chromosomes does not actually double until centromeres separate during anaphase of mitosis |
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Term
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Definition
| each member of a par of homologous chromosomes |
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Term
| nonhomologous chromosomes |
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Definition
| chromosomes that contain different genes and do not pair during meiosis |
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Term
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Definition
| all the chromosomes other than sex chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| important during division useful in classifying euk chromosomes according to where the centromere is located |
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Term
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Definition
| a complete set of all thje metaphase chromosomes in a cell |
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Term
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Definition
| chromosomes are identified during what stage of mitosis where they are most condensed and easier to see |
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Term
| classifying chromosomes according to centromeres |
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Definition
metacentric center......submetacentric off center stub is acrocentric on the end is
Telocentric |
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Term
| how the are usually arranged for identification |
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Definition
| large to small but 21 is different also under letters A through G and have similar morphology |
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Term
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Definition
| stained ..bands show up bands are specific to each chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| P is the smaller arm of the chromosome and Q is the big arm |
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Term
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Definition
| numbered region and numbered subregions from the centromere outward...region 1 closest to centromere..17q21 means that it is on the long leg chromosome 1 in region 21 |
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Term
| subregions are indicated by decimal after the region |
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Definition
| 7q31.2 - q 31.3 spans both subregions 2 and 3 of region 31 of the long arm of chromosome 7 |
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Term
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Definition
| G1, S G2 phase of cell division or mitosis |
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Term
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Definition
| comes after interphase..mitosis when nucleus divides...cytokinesis division of the cytoplasm follows mitosis...both haploid and diploid cells can do mitosis. |
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