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| A purine base, C5H5N5, that is the constituent involved in base pairing with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA. |
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| The opposite orientation of the two complementary strands or deoxyribonucleic acid, 5′ to 3′ and 3′ to 5′. |
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1. The DNA replicates its information in a process that involves many enzymes: replication.
2. The DNA codes for the production of messenger RNA (mRNA) during transcription.
3. In eukaryotic cells, the mRNA is processed (essentially by splicing) and migrates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
4. Messenger RNA carries coded information to ribosomes. The ribosomes "read" this information and use it for protein synthesis. This process is called translation. |
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Definition
The first rule holds that a double-stranded DNA molecule globally has percentage base pair equality: %A = %T and %G = %C.[6] The rigorous validation of the rule constitutes the basis of Watson-Crick pairs in the DNA double helix.
The second rule holds that both %A ~ %T and %G ~ %C are valid for each of the two DNA strands.[7] This describes only a global feature of the base composition in a single DNA strand.[8] |
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| A pyrimidine base, C4H5N3O, that is the constituent of DNA and RNA involved in base pairing with guanine. |
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Definition
| A purine base, C5H5ON5, that is an essential constituent of both RNA and DNA. |
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Definition
| A pyrimidine base, C5H6N2O2, that is an essential constituent of DNA. |
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Definition
| A pyrimidine base, C4H4N2O2, that is an essential constituent of RNA. |
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| when any individual produces gametes, the copies of a gene separate so that each gamete receives only one copy. A gamete will receive one allele or the other. |
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| Law of Independent Assortment |
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Definition
| alleles of different genes assort independently of one another during gamete formation. |
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| Identified DNA as the carrier of inheritance |
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Studied alkaptonuria.
First published account of recessive inheritance in humans |
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1941.
Made one gene/one enzyme hypothesis.
Deduced role of genes in regulating biochemical events within cells. |
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| One Gene/One Enzyme Hypothesis |
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Definition
| idea that genes act through the production of enzymes, with each gene responsible for producing a single enzyme that in turn affects a single step in a metabolic pathway. |
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Definition
Rough/Smooth/Heat-killed smooth/Rough & Heat-killed smooth strains in rats.
Transferring of genetic information via transformation factor. |
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| Avery, MacLeod, McCarty Experiment |
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Definition
| DNA is what causes bacterial transformation. |
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