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Module 9- Environmental Influences on Behavior
Exam 1
14
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
02/12/2012
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Term
Culture
 Definition
the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next.
Term
Norm
 Definition
an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior. Norms prescribe “proper” behavior.
Term
Personal Space
 Definition
 the buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies.
Term
Individualism
 Definition
giving priority to one’s own goals over group goals and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications.
Term
Collectivism
 Definition
giving priority to group goals (often those of the extended family or work group) and defining one’s identity accordingly.
Term
Aggression
 Definition
any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy someone.
Term
X Chromosome
 Definition
the sex chromosome found in both men and women. Females have two X chromosomes; males have one. An X chromosome from each parent produces a female child.
Term
Y Chromosome
 Definition
the sex chromosome found only in males. When paired with an X chromosome from the mother, it produces a male child.
Term
Testosterone
 Definition
the most important of the male sex hormones. Both males and females have it, but the additional testosterone in males stimulates the growth of the male sex organs in the fetus and the development of the male sex characteristics during puberty.
Term
Role
 Definition
a set of explanations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave.
Term
Gender Role
 Definition
a set of expected behaviors for males or for females.
Term
Gender Identity
 Definition
our sense of being male or female.
Term
Gender Typing
 Definition
the acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role.

 

 
Term
Social Learning Theory
 Definition
the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished.
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