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Definition
| Mitotic phase during which daughter chromosomes move towards the poles of the spindle. |
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Definition
| Programmed cell death involving a cascade of specific cellular events leading to the death and destruction of the cell. |
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Definition
| Short, radiating fibers about the centrioles at the poles of a spindle. |
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| Dark staining body (doscovered by M. Barr) in the nuclei of female mammals that contains a condensed, inactive X chromosome. |
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Definition
| Repeating sequence of cellular events that consists of interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. |
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Definition
| Cellular structure, existing in pairs, that possibly organises the mitotic spindle for chromosomal movement during mitosis and meiosis. |
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Definition
| Constriction where sister chromatids of a chromosome are held together. |
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Definition
| Central microtubule organizing center of cells. In animal cells, it contains two centrioles. |
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Definition
| Indentation that begins the process of cleavage, by which human cells undergo cytokinesis. |
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Definition
| Exchange of segments between non-sister chromatids of a tetrad during meiosis. |
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Definition
| Division of the cytoplasm following mitosis and meiosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cell that arises from a parent cell in mitosis or meiosis. |
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Definition
| Change in chromosome structure in which the end of a chromosome breaks off , or two simultaneous breaks lead to the loss of an internal segment; often causes abnormalities (e.g. crit du chat syndrome) |
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Term
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Definition
| Cell condition in which two of each type of chromosome are present in the nucleus. |
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Definition
| Change in chromosome structure in which a particular segment is present more than once in the same chromosome. |
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Term
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Definition
| Union of a sperm nucleus, and an egg nucleus, which creates a zygote. |
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Term
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Definition
| Haploid sex cell; the egg or a sperm, which join in fertilization to form a zygote. |
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Term
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Definition
| The n number of chromosomes - half the diploid number; the number characteristic of gametes, which contain only one set of chromosomes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Member of a pair of chromosomes that are alike and come together in synapsis during prophase of the first meiotic division. |
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Term
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Definition
| Member of a homologous pair of chromosomes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Period of time between Meiosis I and Meiosis II, during which no DNA replication takes place. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cell cycle stage during which growth and DNA synthesis occur when the nucleus is not actively dividing. |
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Term
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Definition
| Change in chromosome structure in which a segment of a chromosome is turned 180 degrees; this reversed sequence of genes can lead to altered gene activity and abnormalities. |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of nuclear division that occurs as part of sexual reproduction in which the daughter cells receive the haploid number of chromosomes in varied combinations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mitotic phase during which chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the mitotic spindle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of cell division in which daughter cells receive the exact chromosomal and genetic makeup of the parent cell; occurs during growth and repair. |
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Term
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Definition
| Microtubule structure that brings about chromosomal movement during nuclear division. |
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Term
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Definition
| One less chromosome than usual. |
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Term
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Definition
| Failure of homologous chromosomes or daughter chromosomes to separate during meiosis I and meiosis II, respectively. |
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Definition
| Production of an egg in females by the process of meiosis and maturation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cell that divides so as to form daughter cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| In oogenesis, a nonfunctional product; two to three meiotic products are of this type. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mitotic phase during which chromatin condenses so that chromosomes appear; chromosomes are scattered |
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Term
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Definition
| In oogenesis, the functional product of meiosis I; becomes the egg. |
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Term
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Definition
| One of two genetically identical chromosomal units that are the result of DNA replication and are attatched to each other at the centromere. |
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Term
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Definition
| Production of sperm in males by the process of meiosis and maturation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pairing of homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. |
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Term
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Definition
| Group of symptoms that appear together and tend to indicate the presence of a particular disorder. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mitotic phase during which daughter chromosomes are located at each pole. |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of a chromosomal segment from one chromosome to another nonhomologous chromosome, leading to abnormalities; e.g. Down syndrome. |
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Term
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Definition
| One more chromosome than usual. |
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Term
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Definition
| Diploid cell formed by the union of sperm and egg; the product of fertilization. |
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