Matter which

has no overall electrical charge

is said to be ________.  (203)

One of the 3 particles

that make up the atom. 

It is negatively charged and

orbits the nucleus of the atom. (205)

One of the three particles

that make up the atom. 

It is positively charged and

is in nucleus of the atom. (205)

One of the three particles

that make up the atom. 

It is electrically neutral and is

in the nucleus of the atom. (205)

An atom's ______ ________

tells you

how many protons it contains. (205)

Total number

of neutrons and protons

in an atom

(207)

Process by which the abundance

of one isotope in an element is increased.  Typically used in order to make

fuel for nuclear bombs. (208)

A model that said

the atom is made of a dense,

positively-charged nucleus

with electrons orbiting the nucleus

in circles. (211)

Center of the atom. 

Contains the neutrons and protons. (212)

The theory that

light sometimes behaves as a particle

and sometimes behaves as a wave.

(213)

Distance between crests (or troughs)

of a wave. (214)

A measure of the

height of the crests or

the depths of the troughs

on a wave (214)

Range of light wavelengths

that are visible to the human eye (215)

A measurable quantity in nature

that does not change (216)

Number of wave crests (or troughs)

that pass a given point

each second (217)

Standard unit for frequency

(217)

Hertz (Hz)

1/second

When W is large, f is small.

When w is small, F is large.

When two quantities behave like this,

we say that

they are _________  __________.

(219)

The total range

of wavelengths of light

that come from the sun

(219)

As a light wave's frequency increases,

its _________ also increases.

As a light wave's frequency decreases,

its ________ also decreases.

(220)

As a light wave's wavelength increases,

its energy _________.

As a light wave's wavelength decreases,

its energy _________.

(220)

Another term for light,

including all wavelengths,

both visible and not visible. (221)

The physical constant that relates the energy of light to its frequency:

6.63 X 10^-34 J/Jz

(221)

Cells on the eye's retina that

detect low levels of light (223)

Cells on the eye's retina that

detect different energies of light. 

These cells are responsible for

our ability to see colors. (223)

Process by which individual

wavelengths of light emitted by a substance are analyzed. 

This process can be used to

identify the elements in a substance. (225)

The assumption that a physical quantity (such as energy) cannot have any value, but is restricted to have

only discrete values (226)

When an electron moves

from an orbit close to the nucleus

to an orbit far from the nucleus,

we say that the electron

has been _________. (226)

When an electron moves

from an orbit far from the nucleus

to an orbit close to the nucleus,

we say it has _________. (227)

The modern-day

model of the atom in which

electrons whirl around the nucleus

in various paths called "orbitals." (228)

A specif shape that confines

the position of an electron

relative to the nucleus. (228)

Dumb-bell shaped orbital. 

There are none of these

on the first energy level of the atom.

All forms of matter

try to stay in this state. (231)

Lowest possible energy state

(also known as "ground state")

The lowest possible energy state

for a given substance (232)