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MODULE 2- CH 4,19 +PPT
Research
59
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
11/10/2010

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Cards

Term
Define meta-analysis?
Definition
Information from various studies are used to develop a common metric (effect size)
Term
What is the purpose of effect size (common metric)?
Definition
Yields info about existence of relationship between variables and and estimate of its magnitude
Term
What are the three advantages of meta-analysis?
Definition
its power, objectivitya and precision
Term
Who uses meta analysis and who uses metasynthesis?
Definition
Meta analysis (quantitative) metasynthesis (qualitative)
Term
why is a meta-anaylsis objective?
Definition
Because it relies on statistical formulas.
Term
Define the power of a meta analysis?
Definition
The probability of fire into relationship
Term
define precision in a meta analysi?
Definition
Draws conclusions on how big an effect an intervention has
Term
what is the prerequisite to using statistical integration?
Definition
The research question, hypothesis, independent variables and independent variables are similar
Term
if they are only a few studies, do they merit systematic review?
Definition
No you need more for an average.
Term
If the same hypothesis is tested and the results are highly conflicting, do they merit to review?
Definition
No.
Term
What is the first step in a meta-analysis?
Definition
Finding a problem statement or research question.
Term
Define statistical heterogeneity?
Definition
If the results are highly variable that meta-analysis may be inappropriate.
Term
Define grey literature?
Definition
Studies with limited distribution i.e. dissertation unpublished reports and so on
Term
define publication bias?
Definition
the tendency for published studies to systematically alter present statistically significant findings
Term
what is the purpose of the AHRQ (agency for healthcare research and quality)?
Definition
Evaluate study quality.
Term
What is the most critical element in all studies for analysis?
Definition
The sample size.
Term
Extraction and coding of information should be completed by how many people?
Definition
At least two.
Term
Can mean differences in studies be averaged in?
Definition
No.
Term
Define a sensitivity analysis?
Definition
a test to see how sensitive the results of an analysis are to changes in the way analysis was done.
Term
What model would you use would heterogeneity is low?
Definition
Fixed effects model.
Term
What model do you use what heterogeneity is more varied?
Definition
Random effects model.
Term
Define subgroup analysis?
Definition
Splitting effect size information for studies into distinct categorical groups
Term
what is a failsafe number?
Definition
Estimation of the number of studies with effect size of zero that would be needed to reverse the conclusion.
Term
Define a pooled effect estimate?
Definition
Weighted average of the effects estimated in primary studies.
Term
How does a forest plot display the results of the study?
Definition
It displays it in confidence intervals.
Term
What does the width of a confidence interval indicate?
Definition
A confidence interval will indicate the power of the study.
Term
What does the blob in the middle of a confidence interval represent?
Definition
Estimate of intervention
Term
what is a vertical line in a meta-analysis?
Definition
The odds ratio.
Term
What is the purpose of a funnel plot?
Definition
The purpose is to show publication bias
Term
Noblit and Hare, Paterson et al, and Sanelowski are people who have approach to measure what?
Definition
metasynthesis
Term
define the Noblit and hare approach?
Definition
Performing a preanalysis, deciding how they are related and making a final synthesis
Term
Define meta-data-analysis?
Definition
anaylzing processed data
Term
Define meta-method?
Definition
Study of methodolic rigor of stidues including in metasynthesis
Term
Define meta theory?
Definition
Analysis of theoretica underpinning on which studies are grouned
Term
Who uses meta-data-anaylsi, meta-method, and meta theory?
Definition
Paterson et. al
Term
Define the Sandelowski and Barroso approach?
Definition
Finding are synopses of qualitative data without conceptual reframing and synthesis are more interprative data
Term
What does I stand for in IMRAD?
Definition
Introduction
Term
What does M stand for in IMRAD?
Definition
Methods
Term
What does R stand for in IMRAD?
Definition
Research
Term
What does AD stand for in IMRAD?
Definition
and discussion
Term
How long should a title be?
Definition
15 or fewer words
Term
What three things should be in a quantitative journal title?
Definition
Independent and dependent variable and population
Term
How long should an abstract be?
Definition
100 to 150 words
Term
Define a statistical test?
Definition
Procedure for testing hypothesis in estimating the probability of results
Term
define statistically significant?
Definition
Findings are probably true and can be replicated with a new sample.
Term
Define inference?
Definition
An attempt to generalize or come to conclusions based on limited information
Term
define liability?
Definition
The accuracy and consistency of information you study.
Term
Define statistical liability?
Definition
Probability that the same results would be obtained with a new sample of subjects
Term
define validity?
Definition
Are the methods really measuring the abstract concepts they are supposed to measure or are they measuring something else.
Term
Trustworthiness and credibility do with which study?
Definition
Qualitative.
Term
Define triangulation?
Definition
The use of multiple sources to talk to you about what the truth is.
Term
Define bias?
Definition
Influence produces an error in an estimate
Term
Define you bias?
Definition
Luck of the draw.
Term
Define a systematic bias?
Definition
When a bias a uniform, such as using a scale that is actually two pounds over.
Term
Define research control?
Definition
Holding a constant influence on the dependent variable so that the relationship between independent and dependent variables can be seen
Term
Define confounding (extraneous) variables?
Definition
Refer to page 108.
Term
Define masking?
Definition
tool used to prvent bias from awareness, concel info from people to enhance objectivity
Term
Define reflexivity?
Definition
process of reflecting critically on the self, and analyzing and making note of personal values that could influence data interpretation
Term
Define thick description?
Definition
rich and complete descritption of the research setting and of observed actions and processess.
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