Term
|
Definition
| a prolonged and disturbed emotional state that affects almost all of a person's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. |
|
|
Term
| Major Depressive Disorder |
|
Definition
| marked by at least two weeks of continually being in a bad mood, having no interest in anything, and getting no pleasure from activities; in addition, a person must have at least four of the following symptoms: problems with eathing, sleeping, thinking, concentrating, or making decisions, lacking energy, thinking about suicide, and feeling worthless or guilty. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| marked by fluctuations between episodes of depression and mania; a manic episode goes on for at least a week, during which a person is unusually euphoric, cheerful, and high and has at least three of the following symptoms: has great self-esteem, has little need for sleep, speaks rapidly and frequently, has racing thoughts, is easily distracted, and pursues pleasurable activities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| characterized by being chronically but not continuously depressed for a period of two years; while depressed, a person experiences at least two of the following symptoms: poor appetite, insomnia, fatigue, low self-esteem, poor concentration, and feelings of hopelessness. |
|
|
Term
| Biological Theory of Depression |
|
Definition
| emphasizes underlying genetic, neurological, or physiological factors that may predispose a person to developing a mood disorder. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| underlying personality traits, amount of social support, and the ability to deal with stressors; believed to interact with predisposing biological factors that combine to put one at risk of developing a mood disorder. |
|
|
Term
| Electroconvulsive Therapy |
|
Definition
| involves placing electrodes on the skull and administering a mild electric current that passes through the brain and causes a seizure; usual treatment consists of a series of 10-12 sessions, at the rate of about three per week. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of inflexible, long-standing, maladaptive traits that cause significantly impaired functioning or great distress in one's personal and social life. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pattern of distrust and suspiciousness and perceiving others as having evil motives. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| characterized by an acute discomfort in close relationships, distortions in thinking, and eccentric behavior. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| characterized by excessive emotionality and attention seeking. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intense interest in being orderly, achieving perfection, and having control. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| refers to a pattern of being submissive and clingy because of an excessive need to be taken care of. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| refers to a pattern of disregarding or violating the rights of others without feeling guilt or remorse. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| serious mental disorder that lasts for at least six months and includes at least two of the following symptoms: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized behavior, and decreased emotional expression- these interfere with personal and social functioning. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| characterized by auditory hallucinations or delusions, such as thoughts of being persecuted by others or thoughts of grandeur. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| marked by bizarre ideas, often about one's body, confused speech, childish behavior, great emotional swings, and often extreme neglect of personal appearance and hygiene. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| characterized by periods of wild excitement or periods or rigid, prolonged immobility; sometimes the person assumes the same frozen posture for hours on end. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| includes having positive symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, which are a distrotion of normal functions; in addition, this group has no intellectual impairment, good reaction to medication, and thus a good chance of recovery. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| includes having negative symptoms, such as dulled emotions and little inclination to speak, which are a loss of normal functions; in addition, this group has intellectual impairment, poor reaction to medication, and thus a poor chance of recovery. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| refers to an identifiable gene or number of genes or a specific segment of a chromosome that is directly linked to some behavioral, physiological, or neurological trait or disease. |
|
|
Term
| Diathesis Stress Theory of Schizo. |
|
Definition
| says that some people have a genetic predisposition that interacts with life stressors to result in the onset and development of schizo. |
|
|
Term
| Positive Symptoms of Schizo. |
|
Definition
| reflect a distortion of normal functions: distorted thinking results in delusions; distorted perceptions result in allucinations; distorted language results in disorganized speech. |
|
|
Term
| Negative Symptoms of Schizo. |
|
Definition
| reflect a decrease in or loss of normal functions: decreased range and intensity of emotions, decreased ability to express thoughts, and decreased initiative to engage in goal-directed behaviors. |
|
|
Term
| Neuroleptic/Antipsychotic Drugs |
|
Definition
| used to treat serious mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, by changing levels of neurotransmitters in the brain. |
|
|
Term
| Typical Neuroleptic Drugs |
|
Definition
| primarily reduce levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine; two of the more common are phenothiazines and butrophenones; reduce positive symptoms and have little effect on negative ones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| says that in schizophrenia the dopamine neurotransmitter system is somehow overactive and gives rise to a wide range of symptoms. |
|
|
Term
| Atypical Neuroleptic Drugs |
|
Definition
| lower levels of dopamine but, more important, reduce levels of other neurotransmitters, especially serotonin; one group of these drugs in the benzamides; these drugs reduce positive and negeative symptoms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involves the appearance of slow, involuntary, and uncotrollable rhythmic movements of the limbs; this condition is associated with the continued use of typical neuroleptics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| characterized by a person having a disruption, split, or breakdown in his/her normal integrated self, consciousness, memory, or sense of identity; relatively rare and unusual. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| characterized by the inability to recall important personal information or events and is usually associated with stressful or traumatic events; the importance or extent of the information forgotten is too great to be explained by normal forgetfulness. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a disturbance marked by suddenly and unexpectedly traveling away from home or place of work and being unable to recall one's past; the person may not remember his/her identity or may be confused about his/her new, assumed identity. |
|
|
Term
| Dissociative Identity Disorder |
|
Definition
| the presence of two or more distinct indentities or personality states, ecah with its own pattern of perceiving, thinking about, and relating to the world; different personality states may take control of the individual's thoughts and behaviors at different times. |
|
|
Term
| Major Depressive Disorder |
|
Definition
| marked by at least two weeks of continually being in a bad mood, having no interest in anything, and getting no pleasure from activities; in addition, a person must have at lest four of the following symptoms: problems with eating, sleeping, thinking, concentrating, or making decisions, lacking energy, thinking about suicide, and feeling worthless and guilty. |
|
|
Term
| Beck's Cognitive Theory of Depression |
|
Definition
| says that when we are feeling down, automatic, negative thoughts that we rarely notice occur continually throughout the day; these negative thoughts distort how we perceive and interpret the world and thus influence our beaviors and feelings, which in turn contribute to our feeling depressed. |
|
|
