Term
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Definition
Provide structural support of cell walls
Storage of excess carb energy in plants/animals
Dietary fiber in the digestive system of humans |
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Term
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Definition
Made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
Amino acids serve as the building blocks of protein |
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Term
| Proteins may differ due to... |
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Definition
| The number and sequence of amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| Forms the cell walls of plants |
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Term
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Definition
| The main components of cell membranes |
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Term
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Definition
Fats and oils
Derived from glycerol and three fatty acids |
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Term
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Definition
What sex hormones are derived from
An essential structural component of mammals' cell membranes
Required to establish proper membrane permeability/fluidity.
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Term
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Definition
Adenosine-5'-triphosphate
An energy form used in all cells |
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Term
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Definition
An information molecule
Contained in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells
Contained in the plasmid of prokaryotic cells |
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Term
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Definition
| A polar molecule (has a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail) |
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Term
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Definition
| A carbohydrate stored in the liver/muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| Proteins that catalyze chemical reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| The sugar circulating in blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| The steroid hormone produced in the ovaries |
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Term
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Definition
| The protein that regulates blood sugar levels |
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Term
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Definition
Solid at room temperature
Contains NO missing hydrogens |
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Term
| UNSATURATED TRIGLYCERIDES |
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Definition
Usually produced by plants
Hydrogen missing from the carbon chain |
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Term
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Definition
All three forms are needed to make proteins
Made up of a long chain of nucleotides
Encodes genetic information |
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Term
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Definition
| A sugar transported through plant vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| The living tissue in plants that carries organic nutrients, sucrose in particular |
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Term
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Definition
A polymer that provides long-term energy storage in plants.
Is a polysaccharide
Examples of starch-containing foods: wheat, corn, rice, and potatoes |
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Term
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Definition
A protein that transports oxygen
Found in red blood cells
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Term
| THE 4 GROUPS INTO WHICH ORGANIC MOLECULES ARE CLASSIFIED |
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Definition
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acid |
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Term
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Definition
Fructose
Lactose
Sucrose
Glucose
Galactose
Glycogen
Cellulose
Starch |
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Term
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Definition
Saturated fat
Unsaturated fat
Phospholipid
Trans fat
Oil
Testosterone
Cholesterol
Estrogen |
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Term
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Definition
Enzymes
Hemoglobin
Amino acid
Lactase
Keratin
Collagen
Insulin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
The commercial name for the process of converting unsaturated fats to saturated forms
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Term
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Definition
| Are both hydrophilic and hydrophobic |
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Term
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Definition
Low-density liboprotein
"cholesterol packets"
Can lead to plaque formation and hardening of the arteries |
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Term
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Definition
DNA contained in nucleus
Internal structures organized into compartments
10X larger than prokaryotes
Cytoplasm contains specialized structures called organelles |
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Term
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Definition
No nucleus - DNA is in the CYTOPLASM
Internal structures not organized into compartments
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Term
| PROKARYOTIC CELL STRUCTURE |
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Definition
Four structures in all prokaryotes
Plasma membrane
Encloses cell contents: DNA, ribosomes, and cytoplasm
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to everything inside a membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| Jelly-like fluid inside a cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Granular bodies in the cytoplasm that convert genetic information into protein structure |
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Term
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Definition
| One or more circular loops containing genetic information |
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Term
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Definition
Involved in energy conversion.
Converts food to ATP |
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Term
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Definition
RNA/nucleic acid
A single nucleic acid = RNA |
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Term
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Definition
| Provide a passage for molecules to travel in/out of a cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Bind to external chemicals in order to regulate processes within the cell |
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Term
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Definition
"To fold inward or to sheath"
Lysosomes
Vacuoles
Vesicles
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Term
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Definition
Endosymbionts are anything that lives within the body or cells of another organism.
Chloroplasts |
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Term
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Definition
"Smooth endoplasmic reticulum"
Lipid synthesis
Carbohydrate metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
"Rough endoplasmic reticulum"
A eukaryotic organelle
Manufactures... what? WTF does this manufacture? I hate this class so much I want to bash my head into a wall.
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Term
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Definition
Organelle found in most eukaryotic cells
Modifies and packages proteins inside a cell
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Term
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Definition
Synthesizes protein chains
Can be on the RER or the cytosol |
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