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| a developmental period, lasting from 12-18 years of age, during which many biological, cognitive, social, and personailty traits change from childlike to adultlike. |
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| refers to a developmental period, between 9 and 17 years of age, when the individual experiences significant biological changes that result in developing secondary sexual characteristics and reaching sexual maturity. |
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| the first menstrual period; a signal that ovulation may have occured and that the girl may have the potential to conceieve and bear a child. |
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| one of the major female hormones; at puberty, estrogen levels increase eightfold, which stimulates the development of both primary and secondary sexual characteristics. |
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| Female Secondary Sexual Characteristics |
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| development is triggered by increased secretion of estrogen; include growth of pubic hair, development of breats, and widening of hips. |
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| the major male hormone; stimulates the growth of genital organs and the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males. |
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| Male Secondary Sexual Characteristics |
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| growth of pubic hair, facial hair, muscles, and a deepening of voice. |
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| views adolescence development as a process that occurs simultaneously on many levels and includes sexual, cognitive, social, and personality changes that interact and influence each other. |
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| Three Levels of Moral Reasoning |
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| preconventional, conventional, postconvential |
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| Kohlberg's lowest level of moral reasoning; 2 stages; stage one- moral decisions are based primarily on fear of punishment or need to be obedient; stage 2- moral reasoning is guided most by satisfying one's self-interest, which may involve making bargains. |
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| represents and intermediate level of moral reasoning; 2 stages; stage 3- moral decisions are guided most by conforming to the standards of others we value; stage 4- moral reasoning is determined most by conforming to laws of society. |
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| represents highest level of moral reasoning; 1 stage; stage 5- moral decisions are made after carefully thinking about all the alternatives and striking a balance between human rights and laws of society. |
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| makig moral decisions based on issues of caring, on avoiding hurt, on how things affect interpersonal relationships, and on concerns for others. |
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| making moral decisions based more on issues of law and equality and individual rights. |
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| attempt to shape, control, and evaluate the behavior and attitudes of their children in accordance with a set standard of conduct, usually an absolute standard that comes from religious or respected authorities. |
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| attempt to direct teir children's activities in a rational and intelligent way; supportive, loving, and committed, encourage verbal give-and-take, and discuss their rules and policies with their children. |
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| less controlling and behave with a mompunishing and accepting attitude toward their children's impulses, desires, and actions; they consult with their children about policy decisions, and tend to use reason rather than direct power. |
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| involves continuously thinking about the loved one and is accompanied by warm sexual feelings and powerful emotional reactions. |
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| involves having trusting and tender feelings fomr someone whose life is closely bound up with one's own. |
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| Triangular Theory of Love |
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| three parts: passion- physical attraction; intimacy- feeling close and connected; commitment- making a pledge to nourish the feelings of love and maintain a relationship. |
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| gradual and natural slowing of our physical and psychological processes from middle through late adulthood. |
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| may be caused by genetic defects, physiological problems, or diseases. |
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| says that our bodies age because of naturally occurring problems or breakdowns in the body's cells, which become less able to repair themselves. |
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| says that our bodies age because there are preset biological clocks that determine the number of times cells can divide and multiply; after the limit is reached, cells being to die and aging occurs. |
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Definition
| occurs in women around age 50; involves gradual stoppage in secretion of estrogen which, in turn, results in cessation of both ovulation and the menstrual cycle. |
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