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*Mondrian, Composition, 1921/Tableau No. II 1921-25, with Red, Blue, Black, Yellow, and Gray,
1921-25, o/c, 29 x 25
-idea that lines meant to contain color compromised when looking closely-lines don’t go all the way down the pg. –rectangles incomplete |
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Mondrian
Neoplasticism
The “New Plastic Art”- a new form of reality |
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“in plastic art, reality can be expressed only through the equilibrium of dynamic movements of form and color; pure means afford the most effective way of attaining this”
Rectangular planes of color –red, yellow, blue, black, white, gray –intersecting at right angles (resolution of the opposition of horizontal and vertical
Yellow =bright/ sunny radiates energy
Blue=infinity of space, recedes
Red= medium between yellow and blue
Symmetry to express equilibrium?
-vertical movement –up into heaven
Matter and spirit
Dualities –not equal in opposition
Sometimes a dynamic equilibrium –not static
Not strict symmetry |
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*Walter Gropius (1883-1969), Workshop Wing, Bauhaus, Dessau, Germany, 1925-26
-funding was cut (b.c. of WWII)
-wanted to find another city
-chose Dessau –not a picturesque backdrop
-artists felt infinity
-built by Gropius
-Bauhaus –means house/building
-school’s mission was “to collect all artistic creativity into unity… re-unite all artistic disciplines into new architecture”
-top white border “contains it”
-studios, apartments for masters/faculty members, theatres
-broken down into small units, but have balconies to be free from interior
-restored in1960’s and 70’s after damage in WWII
-doesn’t look dated at all
-not an art school anymore
-more so it is a museum, exhibitions are held so ideas are kept alive |
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| *Albers, Homage to the Square: Apparition, 1959, oil on masonite, 47 1/2 x 47 ½, Guggenheim |
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Max Ernst, A Friend’s Reunion, 1922
Poet Andre Breton, Manifesto of Surrealism, 1924: “Pure psychic automatism”
Sigmund Freud
-the unconscious and unconscious mind
-role of dreams
-anxieties
-the uncanny: what is not known and familiar
-dreams-hallucinations
How did the artists associated with Surrealism respond to the idea of creativity governed by randomness and the unconscious? |
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*Magritte, The Human Condition, 1933, o/c, 39 x 31”, Washingto
-oil on canvas
-can’t tell if looking at isle or window
-illusion: painting in painting
-wonder if actually tree behind painting
-what is art? What value do we place on art?
-more valued?
-how much freedom does artist have? |
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*Salvador Dali (1904-89), The Persistence of Memory, 1931, o/c, 9 ½ x 13”, MOMA
Oil on canvas
-Salvador =Spanish
-father had been to frequent brothels, thought he had given it to Dali’s older son
-wanted to protect Salvador Dali
-he had real fear of sex
-masturbated a lot
-ants signified sexual desire- Freud
-clock-time is breaking down –overrun by insects
-Dali purged/ exiled by this time
-didn’t take a stance on civil war in Spain –kicked out
-very thoughtful
-very tuned into what Freud was writing about
-only difference between me and a madman is that I am not mad
-felt he wanted to try and simulate state of mind of someone overwhelmed by anxiety and illusions
^this gave him creative imagery
-I’m describing this method as I want to materialize images with fury of precision
-release –inbounding from world of where things are supposed to make sense
-many artists rely on own experiences on trauma or joy |
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*Joan Miro (1893-1983), Painting, 1933, o/c
-focal point –not a doodle
-guidance/control of artist never relinquished
R: sense of another environment
Cylinder, cats and dogs, ears, white horn
Harlequin –circle face w/ mustache
-when ready to put down pigment
-hybrid, something inanimate |
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*Picasso, Guernica, 1937, o/c, 11’6” x 25’8”, Reina Sofia, Madrid
-based off big huge bombing
-this was an atrocity showing casualties in Spanish pavilion
-bombing terrorist act
-use blacks, whites, greys to reduce down to very simple, basic cries what these civilians experienced
-light symbolic for exposing the truth : screeching horse
-bull is great symbol for Spain –symbol for irrationality
-woman dragging foot-wounded
-woman reaching out and illuminating horrific scene
-another reaching out in cry of pain
-distortion amplifies message
-think beyond chaos –everything artist does is deliberate choice
-get an idea of what’s going on
-definitely densely organized
-all activity focusing on central point
-breaking through diagonals |
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