Term
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Definition
| neuroglia that support, protect, insulate, and nourish neurons. |
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Term
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Definition
| bundle of fibres containing neurons and blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| supporting structure of nerve tissue, located in the CNS, including phagocytic cells; do not transmit impulses |
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Term
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Definition
| functional unit of a nerve that sends and receive nerve impulses |
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Term
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Definition
| part of the neuron attached to a cell body that carries impulses to other neurons and body tissue; conduction portion of nerve. |
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Term
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Definition
| main part of he nrve cell |
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Term
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Definition
| part of the neuron resembling re branches that receives nerve impulse toward the cell body |
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Term
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Definition
| group of neuron cell bodies along the path of a nerve outside the CNS |
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Term
| integrative neurons (interneurons) |
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Definition
| neurons in the brain and spinal cord that conduc nerve impulses between afferent (sensoy) and efferent (motor) neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| neurons that transmit nerve impulses from the CNS to muscles and glands |
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Term
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Definition
| covering of an axon that has a whitish appearance |
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Term
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Definition
| covered with myelin sheath, as over nerve fibers, and appearing as whiter matter |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| contnuous lasma membrane aroud myelin sheath |
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Term
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Definition
| spaces where myelin sheath does not touch itself externally |
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Term
| sensween (afferent) neuron |
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Definition
| neurons that transmit nerve impulses to the CNS fom within and outside the body |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| star-shaped erve cells that hold blood vessels closer to nerve cells and serve as barrier to transport water and salts between nerve cells and capillaries. |
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Term
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Definition
| nerve cells that line the brain and central cavity of the spinal cord to serve as a barrier between CSF and tissue fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| nerve cells that ine the brain and central cavity of the spinal cord to serve as a barrier between CSF and tissue fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| nerve cells that produce and maintainmyelin sheath |
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Term
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Definition
| surface area of the body (skin) where afferent fibers travel from a spinal root. |
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Term
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Definition
| electrical signal that begins when a stimulusis received |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical substances that cause a nerve impulse to cross synapses |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| change in the environment of a nerve cell; causes action |
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Term
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Definition
| space between the end of one neuron and the beginning of the next neuron |
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Term
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Definition
| main functioning unit of the CNS, located in the skull and containing may neurons |
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Term
| central nervous system (CNS) |
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Definition
| system of nerves that includes the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
| peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
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Definition
| system of nerves that connect the CNS to body tissue; nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| middle layerof meninges; resembles a siderweb |
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Term
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Definition
| covering of the brain located closest to the skull and vertebral column |
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Term
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Definition
| covering of the brain closest to the brainand spinal column that is delicate tissue rich with small blood vessels |
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Term
| antidiuretic hormone (ADH) |
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Definition
| hormaone stored in posterior pituitary gland and needed to maintain fluid balance by reabsorption of fluids |
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Term
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Definition
| stalklike portion of the brain that connects cerebral hemispheres to the spinal cod; contains the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata |
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Term
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Definition
| "little brain" connected to the brain stem that controls skeletal muscles for fine motor skills andcoordination of voluntary muscle groups |
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Term
| cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) |
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Definition
| sterile, watery fluid formed ithin ventricles of the brain to cushion and protect CNS organs |
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Term
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Definition
| lagest ortion of the brain divided into two hemispheres responsible for thinking, sensaion, and voluntary actions |
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Term
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Definition
| outer portion of the brain responsible for perception and initition of voluntary movements |
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Term
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Definition
| twelv pairs of central nerves origination with the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| "interbrain" locatd under the cerebum that incldes the thalamus and hypothalamus |
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Term
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Definition
| space outside and betwee thethe dura mater and wall of the vertebral canal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| groves or deep folds wihthin the cortex |
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Term
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Definition
| part of the brain that controls voluntary muscle action, speech, and judgement |
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Term
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Definition
| folds in the cortex; either fissures or sulci |
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Term
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Definition
| gland that contros activities of the pituitary glan; secrets oxytocin an ADH; regulates the autonamic nervous system, body temperatures, release of hormones, water balance |
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Term
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Definition
| eferring to a thought process that allows connections between though; in a line |
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Term
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Definition
| lowest art of the brain stem; connects to the spinal crd and is responsible for involuntary movements |
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Term
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Definition
| protective covering of the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| part of the brain connecting lower prtion of the erebellu to the pons; responsible for reflexes |
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Term
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Definition
| lobe at thebase of the posterior brain that controls vision |
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Term
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Definition
| hormone stored in the posterior pituitary gland and needed for uterine contractions during and after childbirth |
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Term
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Definition
| lobe of the brain in the mid-cerebrum that controls sensory functions |
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Term
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Definition
| maser gland; under control of the hypothalamus |
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Term
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Definition
| middle section of the brain stem that acts as a bridge between the brain and spinal cord, controlling the face, haring, balance, blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory patterns |
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Term
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Definition
| referring to the feeling of space; sense of wher one is |
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Term
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Definition
| space between the pia mater and arachnoid membrane; contains CFS |
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Term
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Definition
| space beween the dura mter and arachnoid membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| shallow grove in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| lobe at the ide of the brain over the ear that conrols hearing, smell, and taste |
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Term
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Definition
| area of the brain responsible for relaying messages from parts of the body; monitors sensory stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| small cavities within the brain responsible for production of CFS |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bone structre that surrounds and protects the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| nerve fibers extending from the spinal cord; 31 pairs carry motor impulses fom the spinal cord toward muscles ofr glands and organs |
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Term
| autonomic nervous system (ans) |
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Definition
| system controlled by the CNS, mainlythe cortx, hypothalamus, and medulla; responsible for involuntary actions of muscles and glands |
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Term
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Definition
| system of nerves that transmits impulses to skeletal muscles and is responsible for reflex acio |
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Term
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Definition
| reaction by the sympatheic nevous system to respond quickly to stressful situations |
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Term
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Definition
| state of the body in balance |
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Term
| parasympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
| system that returns the body back to balance after responding to a reactive state |
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Term
| sympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
| sysem responsible for the body's response to stress or any perceived emergency situations; "fight or flight" |
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Term
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Definition
| abdominal wall draws inward on stimulation of abdominal skin |
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Term
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Definition
| reflex when bottom of the foot is stroked; great toe extends outward and remaining oes curl |
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Term
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Definition
| eye blinks when the cornea is touched |
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Term
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Definition
| knee-jerk response wen the patellar tendon is tapped |
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Term
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Definition
| bottom of foot is stroked and toes flex |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary reaction that results from a stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| a chronic progressive brain degeneratin and dementia focusing on itellectual areas of the brain, causing loss of memory |
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Term
| anyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
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Definition
| moto neuron disease in which muscles of extremities atrophy and weaken with spasticity of the extremities |
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Term
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Definition
| blood vessel ruptures or blod clot occludes a blood vessel in the brain, decreasing blood flow to the area of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| infection of tissues of the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| disorder caused by abnormal electrical acivity in the brain causing seizures |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the brain and spinal cord coverings |
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Term
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Definition
| chonic progressive autoimmune disease caused by irrtation and degeneration of the yelin sheath, which is then replaced by scar tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| specialist in the medical treatment of nervous system disease |
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Term
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Definition
| slowly progressive degenerative disorder chracterized by resting tramor, pill rolling of h fingers, and shufflig fait caused by muscle weakness and rigidity |
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Term
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Definition
| acute iral inflammation of the dorsal root ganglia |
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Term
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Definition
| neuralgia of the fifth canial nerve producing excruciating pain of the face |
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Term
| transient ischemic attack (TIA) |
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Definition
| temporary stoppage of blood to the brain; ministroke |
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Term
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Definition
| gradual, verss sudden, as in manifestation of disease |
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Term
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Definition
| diagnostic sign for meningitis; patient seated or in supine position is unable to extedn the knee from a flexed thigh posiion |
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Term
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Definition
| factors that affect a peron's susceptibility to a certain disease |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| part of the brain connecting lower portion of the cerebellum to the pons; responsible for reflexes |
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Term
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Definition
| lobe at the base of the posterior brain that controls vision |
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Term
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Definition
| hormone stored in the posterior pituitary gland and needed for uterine contractions during and after childbirth |
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Term
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Definition
| lobe of the brain in the mid-cerebrum that controls sensory functions |
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Term
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Definition
| master gland; under control of the hypothalamus |
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Term
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Definition
| middle section of the brain stem that acts as a bridge between the brain and spinal cord, controlling the face, hearing, balance, blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory patterns |
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Term
| sympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
| system responsible for the body's response to stress or any perceived evergency situation |
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Term
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Definition
| abdominal wall draws inward on stimulation of abdominal skin |
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Term
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Definition
| foot extends when the achilles tendon is tapped |
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Term
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Definition
| reflex when botton of the foot is stroked; great toe extends ourward and ramaining toes curl |
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Term
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Definition
| eye blinks when the cornea is touched |
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Term
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Definition
| knee jerk response when the patellar tendon is tapped |
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Term
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Definition
| bottom of foot is stroked and toes flex |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary reaction that results from stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| a chronic progressive brain degeneration and dementa focusing on intellectual areas of the brain, causing loss of memory |
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Term
| smyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, Lou Gehrig Disease) |
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Definition
| motor neuron diseas in which muscles of extremities atrophy and weaken with spasticity of the extremities |
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Term
| cerebrovascular accident (CVA stroke) |
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Definition
| blood vessel ruptures or blood clot occludes a blood vessel in the brain, decreasing blood flow to the area of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| infection of tissues of the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| disorder caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain causing seizures |
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Term
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Definition
| inflimmation of the brain and spinal cord coverings |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic progressive autoimmune disease caused by irritation and degeneration of the myelin sheath, which is then replaced by scar tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| specialist in the medical treatment of nervous system disease |
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Term
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Definition
| slowly progressive degenerative disorder characterized by resting tremor, pill rolling of the fingers and shuffling gait caused by muscle weakness and rigidity |
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Term
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Definition
| acute viral inflammation of the dorsal root ganglia |
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Term
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Definition
| neuralgia of the fifth cranial nerve producing excruciating pain of the face |
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Term
| transient ischemic attack |
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Definition
| temporary stoppage of blood to the brain (mini stroke) |
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Term
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Definition
| microscopic, single celled parasitic organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to communicate through oral speech; often occurs after stroke |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| muscle weakness of the face or limb on one side of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| paralysis of only one side of the body, often caused by stroke on the opposite side of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| gradual, versus sudden, as in manifestaion of disease |
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Term
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Definition
| diagnostic sign for meningitis; patient seated or in supine postion is unable to extend the knee from a flexed thigh postition |
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Term
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Definition
| factors that affect a persons susceptibility to a certain disease |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| referring to a personality exhibiting behavior that shows a disregard for the right of others |
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Term
| attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
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Definition
| inability to focus attention for short periods or to engage in quiet activities, or both; uncontrolled cupulsive behavior |
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Definition
| disorder characterized by a preoccupation with inner thoughts and marked unresponsiveness to social contact |
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Definition
| disorder marked by sever mood swings from hyperactivity to sadness |
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Definition
| resolution of a phychological conflict throught the loss of body function |
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Definition
| condition characterized by false beliefs including grandiose and persecutory thoughts |
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Definition
| irreversible impairment of intellectual capabilities |
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Definition
| feeling of persistent sadness accompanied by insomnia, loss of appetite, and inability to experience pleasure |
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Term
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Definition
| general feeling apprehension brought on by episodes of internal self doubt |
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Definition
| showing excessive attention seeking tendencies |
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Definition
| disorder characterized by the intentional presentation of false symptoms and self mutilation |
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Definition
| exhibiting behavior that lacks empathy and sensitivity to the needs of others; concerned with self |
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Term
| obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) |
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Definition
| disorder that interferes with ability to function on a daily basis and characterized by obsessive thoughts and compulsive actions |
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Definition
| feeling of expoitation or of being harmed withour a credible basis |
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Term
| post traumatic stress disorder |
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Definition
| severe anxiety resulting from past trauma; mental impairment that affects daily living |
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Definition
| medical science that deals with the origin, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of developmentaland emotional compnents of mental disorders |
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Definition
| impaired perception of reality |
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Term
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Definition
| showing indifference to social relationships |
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Definition
| condition characterized by disturbances in thought content, perception, sense of self, and both personal and interpersonal relationships |
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Term
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Definition
| series of x-rays of blood vessels and lymphatics requiing a radiopaque contrast medium |
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Term
| computed tomography (CT Scan) |
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Definition
| series of x-rays taken in a transverse plane to better visualize the ventricles, subarachnoid space, and abnormalities of the brain |
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Term
| electroencephalography (EEG) |
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Definition
| measurment of electrical activity of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| record of muscle activity that aids in diagnosing neuromuscular problems |
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Term
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Definition
| tests and records neuomuscular activity by electrial stimulation |
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Term
| lumbar puncture (spinal tap) |
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Definition
| withdrawal of spinal fluid for diagnostic purposes or for relief of pressure on the brain |
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Term
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
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Definition
| technique used to niew soft tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| x-rays used to view structures of the spinal cord and surrounding areas using a dye |
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Term
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Definition
| measurement of peripheral nerve stimulation using electrical impulses |
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Term
| positron emission tomography (PET scan) |
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Definition
| imaging technique that evaluates physiological and biochemical processes using a glucose molecule with a radioactive material attached |
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| spider; arachnoid membrane |
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| temperature increase; fever |
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Definition
| type of fat necessary for vitamin D and bile acid production |
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Definition
| Prealent type of lung cancer derived from the mucus-secreting glands in the lungs. |
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Definition
| Excision of the pharyngeal tonsil, or adenoids |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Direction from the front toward the back |
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Definition
| Abnormal accumulation of coal dust in the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| Block histamine receptors to manage allergies |
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Definition
| Suppress the cough reflux |
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Definition
| Loss of ability to produce sound |
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Definition
| abnormal, periodic cessation of breathing |
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Definition
| Blood test that measures the amount of oxygen in the blood |
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Definition
| Abnormal condition of asbestos in the lungs |
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Definition
| Respiratory disorder characterized by recurring episodes of paroxysmal dyspnea. |
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Definition
| Collapse of lung tissue or an entire lung |
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Definition
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Definition
| Bird flu caused by type A influenza virus |
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Definition
| Abnormal accumulation of coal dust in the lungs or coal workers' pneumoconiosis |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormally slow breathing |
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Definition
| smooth muscle with c-shaped rings of cartilage that provide a passageway through which air can reach the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| Chronic dilation of the bronci. |
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