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Flashcards guys! Words: - Sui (c 600)
- Tang (600-900)
- Sung (900-1200)
- 845
- 610
- 622
- Four Righteous Caliphs (631-661)
- Umayyad Dynasty (661-750)
- Abbasid Dynasty (750-1250)
- 800
- Grand Canal (600)
- Gauzong
- Li Shih Min
- Emperor Wu
- "Model for a Minister"
- An Lu-Shan
- Gufei
- Han Yu
- Wang An-Shih
- Jahilya
- Kaba
- Isnad
- Koran
- Quraysh
- Muhammad
- Mecca
- Medina
- Hadith
- 5 Pillars of Islam
- Emigrants
- Damascus
- Baghdad
- Shia
- Sunni
- Harun al-Rashid
- Sinbad
- 1001 Nights
- Ibn Fadlan
- Kalam
- al-Farabi
- Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
- al-Ghazali
- "The Incoherence of Philosophers"
- Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
- Charlemagne
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Hey guys! Let's split it up! Christina 1-6 Raechel 7-13 Andrew 14-20 Rachel 21-27 Kimberly 28-33 Sammy 34-39 Sandro 40-45 FYI: Here's the cards I made from the midterm that you guys can use. :) http://www.flashcardmachine.com/227938/2rl2 |
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o Notable Projects § 220 miles addition to the great wall § Development of Canal + road system, esp. for food transportation (Grand canal) |
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o Strong central govt through a bureaucratic system with govt censors and a system of checks. o Logical objective lawcode system with penalties defined by crime and relationship to victim o Returned to Han ideas of centralized control of land and taxes; each male owes taxes and labor o Expanded into Central Asia into a large empire. (From Korea to Iran) o Era of confident international trade and cross-cultural contacts § India : Tea § Central Asia : Polo, pants, and musical influences § Persia : Blue ceramic glaze, new silver and gold, and motifs (lions) o Broken up into 2 eras : early and late § Population shift to the south as north declined due to invasions. |
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o New capital marked at Hangchow, a seaport by Yangtze river o Increase in science, technology, economy, and education o Known to be first “modern” culture o Develops Neo-Confucianism while rejecting Buddhism o Publishing books made education cheap and accessible o Paper money was developed in place of gold and silver o New technologies such as explosives and magnetic compass for peaceful use o Military technologies were developed such as tanks, flamethrowers, and paddleboats o There were 2 large economic problems developing § Money shortage, 80% of money was towards war in the north. § Increasing disparity between rich and poor |
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o Law prohibiting all foreign religions in China, so that they would not corrupt Chinese morals |
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o Year that Archangel Gabriel first appears to Muhammad, beginning the revelation of the Qur’an |
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o 1st year in Muslim calendar o Marks Muhammad’s travel from Mecca to Medina |
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1.Shahada: bearing witness; "There is no God but Allah, and Mohammed is his prophet" 2. Salat: prayer 5x a day; communal prayers on Fri. Prayer is not a personal request for God, but recitation from the Koran 3. giving alms: help support widows, orphans, poor etc. 4. Sawm: Fasting during month of Ramadan from sun-up till sun-down 5. "Hajj": holy pilgrimage to Mecca after trip one is considered a Hajji and gains tremendous respect |
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- “sayings”
- the recorded traditions of Mohammed and his close relations (eg wife)
- Words not considered divine, but human words. Only Koran is holy in God’s words.
- unlike the NT where human words of gospels are also considered holy (Paul, Matthew)
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"the emigrants"= the first muslims 622 "hijra" was their "emigration" from Mecca to Medina when Mohammed escaped and some Muslims followed. they created 1st Muslim community ("umma"=not based on family ties and kinship) becomes year 1 in Muslim calendar (1 A.H) |
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1. Capital of the Abbasid Empire (750-1250) Lots of Persian influence on culture: adopted insitutional govt, wine drinking, technology, "golden age" urban living, poetry 2. 10-12th century tales of the 1001 nights were set in Baghdad during period under Harum Al-Rashid 3. Setting, "home" of Sinbad the Sailor |
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Capital of the Umayyad Empire (661-750) in Syria |
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Shia (**I didnt really find anything in my notes... I got the info from Wiki....if any of you guys have notes please edit or add or wutever**) |
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1. One of the schools of Islam, against the Sunni 2. Shias follow the teachings of Mohammed but believe that Mohammed's family are the true keepers of Koran. Shias thought Muhammed's cousin was the true successor so they reject the legitimacy of the first three caliphs of Islam. 3. Shia's also declared the Umayyad Empire illegitimate, and supported the Abbasid Empire so the Abbasid could flourish Employed the use of Imams (clergy) who could interpret the Koran's hidden meaning, believed in spiritual leadershi to be divinely inspired & infallible, |
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Islamic dynasty from 221-750; Damascus as capital, first dynasty of the Muslim Caliphate,
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Four Righteous Caliphs **Don't have a lot of notes on this; feel free to add :-/ ** |
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| The four chosen to lead in place of the late prophet Mohammed, considered illegitmate by the Shia, |
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| New era of stability and prospertiy, 750-1258, called the "Golden Age", limits of Arab expansion, fighters settled down to farming and business, war was not profitable, there was a stronger central government, a shift from nomadic to domestic and urban lifestyles, |
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| Arabs open themselves to Greek logic and science, Charlemagne crowned Holy Roman Emperor, |
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| 600 CE, a canal spanding over 1000 miles long, linking the Yellow River in the North to the Yangtze River in the South, built by over 3 milliion forced laborers in the Sui Dynasty, |
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| Empress Wu's husband, known for holding debate to decide whether Buddhists are exempt from bowing to their ruler/parents |
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| Written in the Curly Bearded Hero, also known as Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, known for creating institutional government, bureaucratic system with a cabinet of 6 ministries and censors to hear public complaints and check government abuses; one of the greatest Chinese Emperors according to the great Wikipedia (ALL HAIL WIKIPEDIA, WE'RE NOT WORTHY), |
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- located at Mecca, it’s a stone box covered in cloth.
- represents twofold syncretism.. monotheistic and paganism – pagan idols took it over, that it Mohammed rededicated it to Islam in 630.
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-chains of transmission (A tells B, B tells C, etc.)
-how we got the sayings of Mohammed and info of his life
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-holy book, but only in Arabic (shared language for all the Muslims)
-describes itself as a miraculous book from God, transmitted to Mohammed by angel Gabriel
- not an anthology or collection, just a single text.
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-Mohammed’s tribe
- ran Mecca, which serves as multi-cultural religious and trade center.
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- part of the Quraysh tribe
-there were divine signs associated with his birth, compare to Moses or Jesus
-God transmitted the Koran to him 610
-622 Hidjra, travels to Medina
-630 Mohammed dedicated Kaba to Islam
-632 he dies
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-run by the Quraysh
-contains Kaba and well of Zamzam
-multi-tribal center for religious and commerce |
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-622 Mohammad escaped here from Mecca (Hidjra)
-Mohammad was buried here. |
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ruled from 624-705, she was the first woman emperor! what a concept! She horrified Confucianists because Confucianists don't like women, because of the subordinate role of women in Confucianism. She pushed for some gender equality.
She legitimized her power in two ways: 1. She participated in Confucian imperial ceremonies to appear as a good mother to her people 2.She claimed she was a Buddhist Maitreya, a reincarnation of Buddha, who has come to bring a utopian era and cleanse the world of corruption, as prophesied in the "Great Cloud Sutra." She had a peaceful regime, but killed off many opposing officials. |
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| Emperor Wu's own text which was added to the list of topics covered in the examination system |
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| A general of northern China and protege of Li Lin-Fu, the chancellor to Emperor Hsuan-tsung. Although at his death, Li Linfu wanted his position to go to An LuShan, Hsuan-tsung gave the position to the cousin of his favorite concubine. Not happy about the decision, An LuShan proceeded to capture the capitals Loyang and Chang-An, starting to An LuShan rebellion in 750 CE. The three results of this rebellion were 1. Xenophobia (LuShan was a Sogdian-Turk) 2. the belief that women caused disaster (Hsuan-tsung's concubine) 3. attack on Buddhism (it was foreign and it supported equality of women) |
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| Hsuan-tsung's concubine whom he loved so much that he gave her cousin the chancellorship, which pissed off the scholars and the general An LuShan, who then began the An LuShan rebellion |
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| imperial official who began an attack on Buddhism in c800 via memorials. He argued that everything was great before Buddhism came along, and after it arrived the dyansties shortened and rebellions began. He also called monks an unproductive draon on the economy |
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| Chinese official and poet who lived 1000 CE and began several major socioeconomic reforms. His two goals were 1. to improve government finances 2. to obtain social justice for the poor. He had the radical idea that economy is not static, and that the government can create conditions conducive to economic growth. He lowered interest rates to 2% for government loans to poor farmers and stopped tax evasions by the rich. Another of his goals was to reform the education system to produce better government officials. He created more schools, and revised the curriculum by putting less emphasis on literature memorization, and more emphasis on specialization and practical studies. |
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| the era of ignorance before Islam |
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- TRADITIONAL - LEADER SELECTED BY COUNCIL - COMMUNITY OF THE FAITHFUL - JUST SECULAR/POLITICAL - RELIGIOUS AUTHORITY COMES FROM QUR’AN / MUHAMMAD - ULAMA |
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This ruler who sent Charlemagne an organ and promoted learning both in the arts and science and medicine(including the translation of Greek texts of logic and philosophy), is the prime example of the cultural shift in the Islamic world during the Abbasid Dynasty |
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The voyages of Sinbad are an excellent example of syncretism because there are many close parallels to Homer’s Odyssey and also because of the literal translation of Sinbad’s name meaning Dweller of the Indus region CULTURAL HISTORY FROM FANTASTICAL FICTION EVIDENCE OF INTERCULTURAL EXCHANGE VALUES AND CONCERNS OF THE SOCIETY SINBAD TALES = POPULAR CULTURE, NOT HIGH CULTURE ORAL TRANSMISSION: NO DEFINITIVE VERSION, SOMETIMES PART OF 1001 |
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3 PHASES OF 1001 NIGHTS PERSIAN 10TH CENT COLLECTION OF 1000 TALES - INCLUDE MATERIALS FROM INDIA BAGHDAD 10TH – 12TH CENT TALES - TEND TO BE SET IN BAGHDAD, ESP IN TIME OF HARUN AR-RISHID (800) - EGYPT 12TH-14TH CENT o CAIRO SINBAD - SET IN BAGHDAD, IN TIME OF AR-RASHID (200-300 YRS EARLIER, IDYLLIC ERA) - INDIAN MATERIAL (TRANSFERRED TO BAGHDAD) o SINBAD = SANSKRIT, INHABITORS OF THE INDUS REGION - GREEK MATERIAL o EPISODES OF ODYSSEY 3 PHASES OF 1001 NIGHTS PERSIAN 10TH CENT COLLECTION OF 1000 TALES - INCLUDE MATERIALS FROM INDIA BAGHDAD 10TH – 12TH CENT TALES - TEND TO BE SET IN BAGHDAD, ESP IN TIME OF HARUN AR-RISHID (800) - EGYPT 12TH-14TH CENT o CAIRO SINBAD - SET IN BAGHDAD, IN TIME OF AR-RASHID (200-300 YRS EARLIER, IDYLLIC ERA) - INDIAN MATERIAL (TRANSFERRED TO BAGHDAD) o SINBAD = SANSKRIT, INHABITORS OF THE INDUS REGION - GREEK MATERIAL o EPISODES OF ODYSSEY |
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This term refers to a combination of Islamic theology and Greek logic [LOGOS (GREEK)] = RATIONAL THEORY (LOGIC) |
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| traveler who wrote an account of his travels as a member of an embassy of the Abbasid Caliph of Baghdad to the king of the Volga Bulgars |
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