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Economic Factors that Disfavor E-Commerce |
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Channel Conflict, Price Conflict, Logistics Expense, Customer Service Expense |
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Three Tier Architecture Components |
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User - browsers request and process web pages
Server - run web servers and process application processes
DB - run a DBMS that processes SQL requests to retrieve and store data |
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Hypertext Markup Language - most common language for defining the structure and layout of web pages |
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Loose cloud of capabilities, technologies, business models and philosophies (Google, Ebay) |
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Business Intelligence System |
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BI - provides information for improving decision making |
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Compares revenue, costs, and incomes to make business decisions |
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Integrate data from multiple sources and processes the data by sorting, grouping, summing, averaging or comparing |
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Purpose of Reporting Systems |
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Improve decision making by providing the right information to the right user at the right time |
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Degree of detail or summarization of data |
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Capturing customers clicking behavior |
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Extract and clean data from operational systems, they also store and catalog data |
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Data collection created to address the needs of a particular business function, problem or opportunity |
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Application of statistical techniques to find relationships and patterns among data and to classify and predict |
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Adding more people to a late project, makes the project later |
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Term
Systems Development Life Cycle |
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Definition
1) Systems Definition - Define system goals and scope, assess feasibility, form project team, plan project 2) Requirements Analysis - Conduct interviews, evaluate current system, ID new application functions, security, create data model 3) Component Design - Determine hardware specifications, design DB, procedures, create job definitions 4) Implementation - Build system components, conduct unit test, integrate components, conduct test, convert to new system 5) System Maintenance - Record requests for change, prioritize requests, fix failures |
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Does the project make sense to complete? |
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Sequence of actions taken when using a new system |
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Entire system installed on small portion of company |
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New system is installed little by little |
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New system is run parallel to old system until new system is approved |
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Old system shut off, new one turned on immediately |
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Responsibilities of IT Department |
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Definition
Plan for IS and IT infrastructure Develop and adapt IS and IT infrastructure Maintain IS and operate and manage infrastructure Protect infrastructure and data |
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An organization that can adapt quickly |
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Organization of IT Department |
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CTO (sorts through possible ideas / products) -> Operations (manages computer infrastructure) -> Development (create / manage IS') Outsourcing |
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Chief Information Officer |
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Dollar value can be calculated |
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Impossible to calculate a dollar value |
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Pretending to be someone else |
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Having a fake IP or email address |
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Intercepting computer connections |
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Human error following a procedure that causes failure |
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Similar to a credit card, but has a microchip that stores data |
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Human Safeguards for Employees |
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Position definitions - Defines job tasks Hiring and Screening - Interview process Dissemination and Enforcement - Responsibility, accountability and compliance Termination - mainly a friendly process |
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Observes actions and keystrokes |
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Watches user activity and produces pop up ads |
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viruses, worms, trojan horses, spyware and adware |
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Sale - Reviews Marketing - Crowd sourcing Product Support - Q & A Product Development - R&D Advertising Part of production |
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Risks of Social Network UGC |
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Junk/Crackpot - unrelated information Inappropriate Content Unfavorable Reviews - company fixes bad reviews Mutinous Movements - Dependency on SN Vendor - vendor could fail |
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Drivers for System Development |
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Scope (Requirements), cost, time |
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Hierarchy of tasks required to complete a project |
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Shows tasks, dates and dependency levels |
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Determines if a project will be on time or late |
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Challenges for Managing Large Scale Systems Development |
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1) Coordination 2) Diseconomies of scale 3) Configuration Control - Tools used to maintain control of project resources 4) Unexpected Events |
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Most Important Tast on Large Projects |
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Taking responsibility for requirements |
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Hiring another organization to preform a service |
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Assigning a specific project or task to be outsourced |
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Loss of Control, Benefits Outweighed by Long Term Costs, No Easy Exit |
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Alternatives to Outsourcing |
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Acquiring licensed software, outsource entire application, web store front, outsource entire business function |
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Ending Outsourcing Agreement |
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Very difficult and risky, lack of knowledge will make things difficult |
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Challenges of International Business Process Management |
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Lack of integration, Inherent processes, language and cultural differences |
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Global Information Systems on Supply Chain Profitability |
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A dollar spent will contribute two or three dollars of activity to the economy |
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Characteristics that make International IT Challenging |
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Challenges of International Project Management |
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Project size, complex requirements, many resources required, many people are involved. |
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Definition
Similar to discussion boards used to communicate with team members |
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