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Miracle of the Monarch Unit
Terms that you will need to know for your test.
33
Science
5th Grade
09/16/2007

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Term
abdomen
Definition
the hind part of the body on the caterpillar and the butterfly. All insects have one.
Term
antennae
Definition
found on the butterfly's head, used to taste the air, and help with balance and orientation.
Term
caterpillar
Definition
the larval stage of a butterfly or moth.
Term
chrysalis
Definition
the hard shell covering the pupa, shaped like an upside-down teardrop.
Term
compound eyes
Definition
found on the butterfly's head. Thousands of tiny lenses help the butterfly see in all directions, and recognize color and pattern and movement.
Term
proboscis
Definition
the butterfly tongue, which works like a drinking straw. In metamorphosis, the proboscis is formed as two separate parts, which the butterfly uncoils and zips together to form a tube for drinking.
Term
thorax
Definition
the three front segments of the caterpillar, each segment with a pair of legs. The front part of the butterfly's body is also the thorax.
Term
joints
Definition
located between the butterfly's leg segments, the joints help the butterfly bend and move the body.
Term
larva
Definition
the second stage of metamorphosis; another term for caterpillar
Term
mandible
Definition
the caterpillar's jaw
Term
ocelli
Definition
name for the three sets of eyes the caterpillar has. The caterpillar's vision is poor even with all three sets of eyes!
Term
palpi
Definition
feelers that help the caterpillar "see" where it's going
Term
pro-legs
Definition
found on segments 3 - 8, and the last segment of the caterpillar.
Term
pupa
Definition
the third stage of metamorphosis; another name for the chrysalis
Term
spinneret
Definition
opening of the silk gland, found on the caterpillar's lower lip. It is used to create the silk pad to which the chrysalis attaches.
Term
spiracles
Definition
breathing holes that are found in pairs. One on each side of all segments of the caterpillar except the 2nd, 3rd, and the last segments. Siracles are also found on the chrysalis and the butterfly.
Term
anal-claspers
Definition
hind legs on the caterpillar used to attach to the silk pad the caterpillar spins at the begining of the chrysalis stage.
Term
cremaster
Definition
replaces the anal-claspers in attaching the chrysalis to the top of the cage, the leaf, or where ever the silk pad is.
Term
crochets
Definition
groups of hooks on the caterpillar's pro-legs.
Term
cuticle
Definition
the skin or exoskeleton of the caterpillar and the chrysalis.
Term
exuvia
Definition
the name for the molted (moulted), caterpillar cuticle. It looks like a dead black fly!
Term
diurnal
Definition
active during the day
Term
nocturnal
Definition
active during the night.
Term
entomologist
Definition
scientist who studies insects
Term
frass
Definition
caterpillar excrement (poo). It is the little round balls at the bottom of the butterfly cage.
Term
habitat
Definition
the environment that supports the survival of a species.
Term
Lepidopterist
Definition
scientist who studies butterflies.
Term
migrate
Definition
to travel from one place to another, often seasonally.
Term
molt or moult
Definition
the caterpillars "molt or moult", which means to shed their skin, as they grow.
Term
pheromones
Definition
special chemicals the butterflies give off to attract a mate.
Term
puddling
Definition
butterflies gather, or puddle at damp spots. They are gathering sodium, an essential part of their diet.
Term
Complete metamorphosis
Definition
also called complex development, is a feature of the most advanced insects, like the butterflies. It involves four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. *The immature young do not resemble the adults.
Term
Incomplete metamorphosis
Definition
also called gradual development. The young, called nymphs, lack certain adult features - functional wings, for example. An example would be the dragonfly.
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