embryological etiology

a) anterior

b) posterior

a) pre-axial is obturator and tibial N

b)post axial is femoral and common fibular N

bow legged

unequal distribution of weight towards inside of knee

Patella will move laterally in extension

knock knee

lateral angulation relative to thigh

more weight is placed on lateral aspect of knee

forms iliotibial tract

divides muscles of the leg into ant. post. and med compartments

superior gluteal N l4-s1

often grouped with glutel muscles

Anterior compartment of thigh

action of muscles

nerves and

arteries

flexor at the hip

extensor at the knee

femoral N

femor a.

Medial compartment de thigh

actions

nerves

arteries

Adductors

obturator N l2,3,4

deep femoral obturator artery

Posterior compartment of thigh

actions

nerve

bs

extensor of hip

flexor of knee

sciatic nerve

perforating femoral artery

orgin: 1 head to AIIS other to ilium sup to acetbulum

insertion: patella lig into tibial tuberosity

innervation: femoral nerve l2,3,4

action: helps with flexion at hip

extends leg at knee

femoral triangle

Borders:

floor:

contents:

A) sartorius, adductor longus, inguinal ligament(lower fiber of oe)

b) pectineus and iliopsoas

roof: fascia lata

c) navel

femoral nerve, artery, vein, emptyspace, lacunar ligament

adductor canal

borders:

contents

notes:

a) posteior medial: adductor l and mag

anterior: sartorius

lateral: vastus medialis

b) saphenous nerve

nerve to vastus medialis

femoral artery and vein

c) popliteal artery and vein=extensions of femoral a. and v. these are only 2 structure to leave,

cruciate anastomoses

Linkage of Internal Iliac A. with Popliteal A. (bypass Femoral A.)

in a transcervial fracture what artery is involved?

b) spiral fracture

medial cirumflex humeral

b) profunda femoral

femoral neck fracture

muscle

lateral rotation: gluteus maximus

shortening: rectus femoris

adductors

hamstring

MCF most affected -> necorisis