Term
| What is the most important role of minerals in the equine diet? |
|
Definition
| developing mineralized tissues, especially bones in the leg & hooves |
|
|
Term
| Why are the trace minerals required by horses often low in plants? |
|
Definition
| they are not necessarily required for the plants' growth |
|
|
Term
| Toxicity of which minerals can occur in grazing horses? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are minerals primarily lost? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the major minerals in equine sweat? |
|
Definition
Chloride
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Magnesium
Phosphorous |
|
|
Term
| What are the trace minerals in equine sweat? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What percentage of bone is made up of magnesium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An excess of which minerals might reduce zinc absorption? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What might cause copper toxicity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are peptide chelated minerals more or less nutritionally available |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are organic minerals more or less nutritional available than inorganic salt forms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What disease results from a calcium deficiency? |
|
Definition
ricketts (young horses)
osteomalacia (mature horses) |
|
|
Term
| What effect does phosphorous have on calcium absorption? |
|
Definition
| excess phosphorous reduces Ca absorption leading to nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism & fibrosis |
|
|
Term
True or False
A deficiency in Ca or P will result in less Ca or K in a lactating mare's milk |
|
Definition
false
She will produce less milk but [%] remains the same |
|
|
Term
True or False
A deficiency of P can cause rickets & osteomalacia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A severe deficiency of that mineral can create an appetite for it? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the optimal Ca:P rations for a nursing foal, weanling & mature horse? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False
A Ca:K ratio of 6:1 would be detrimental for growing horses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False
Phosphorous in cereal grains is less biovailabile |
|
Definition
true
it is 50% phytin phosphorous |
|
|
Term
True or False
Excess Ca will increase absorption of Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu, I and Fe |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is more likely to be affected by exercise, blood Ca or blood P |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does PTH help regulate blood calcium levels post-exercise? |
|
Definition
| mobilizing Ca from bone, increasing Ca reabsorption from the kidney & activating Vit D |
|
|
Term
| What proportion of Na is found in bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False
In a salt-deficient state, there will be less Na & Cl in the urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What effect does a salt deficiency have on protein & energy utilization? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False
Horses are relatively sensitive to iodine toxicity compared to other species |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the consumption of Brassica plants & iodine deficiency related? |
|
Definition
| the plant contain gucosinolates which are degrated, producing isotiocyanates which reduce iodine uptake leading to goitre |
|
|
Term
| How is parasitism linked with iron deficiencies? |
|
Definition
| parasitism causes bleeding in the intestinal tract leading to iron deficiency anemia |
|
|
Term
True or False
mare's milk is rich in iron |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What might reduce iron absorption? (5) |
|
Definition
parasitism
high phytate levels
high phosphorous levels
certain types of fiber
organic vs inorganic salts |
|
|
Term
| What is the characteristic of a copper deficiency in foals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are zinc intake & copper intake linked? |
|
Definition
| excess zinc inhibits copper absorption |
|
|
Term
| What enzyme is selenium associated with in antioxidant defense? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False
Hair analysis is a reliable method of assessing mineral status in horses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the functions of Ca in the body? |
|
Definition
nerve/muscle
hormone secretion
enzyme activation |
|
|
Term
| What are the functions of Phosphorous in the body? |
|
Definition
nerve/muscle
skeletal growth
blood chemistry |
|
|
Term
| What are the components of the anti-oxidant defense? |
|
Definition
Cu
Zn
Vit E
Selenium
Sulfur AAs
Vit C |
|
|
Term
| What effect do isothiocyanates have on Iodone? |
|
Definition
| inhibit uptake by thyroid gland |
|
|
Term
| What are the funtions of Copper? |
|
Definition
antioxidant defense
growth
reproduction
bone development
skin pigment |
|
|
Term
| What are the functions of Zinc? |
|
Definition
antioxidant defense
would healing
growth
immune system |
|
|
Term
| White muscle disease is charateristic of what deficiency? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Horses are hypersensitive to toxicity of what? |
|
Definition
|
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