Term
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Definition
Cytochromes - in the electron transport chain
TCA cycle enzymes
Other enzymes
90% combined with proteins (haemoglobin, transferrin, ferritin) |
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Term
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Definition
Not common.
Alimentary disturbances
Reduced growth
Induced Phosphorus deficiency
Interaction with Copper |
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Term
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Definition
Anaemia
Suckling pigs and veal (dose to prevent at 3 days old) not often seen in calves and lambs so often as they have access to other feeds.
Poor appetite
Poor growth
Labored and spasmodic breathing (Thumps) |
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Term
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Definition
Activator of enzymes.
Component of many enzymes.
Interactions with Choline. |
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Term
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Definition
Not commonly seen
Wide safety margin
Pigs are least tolerant (depressed appetite and growth). |
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Term
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Definition
Ruminants, Pigs and Poultry.
Reduced growth
Skeletal abnormalities (Muscular weakness, perosis (chicks) and lameness (pigs))
Ataxia in neonates.
Reproductive failure.
Impaired glucose utilisation.
Reduced blood clotting. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Reduced thyroid function
Goiter
Reproductive abnormalities
Cretinism in neonates
Reduced wool growth
Can be caused by Goitrogens (Thiocyanate or Goitrin)or high dietary nitrogen. |
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Term
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Definition
Depressed weight gain.
Reduced feed intake.
Decreased egg production.
Pigs are more tolerant to toxicity. |
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Term
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Definition
Metalloenzymes.
Enzyme activator.
Cell replication and differentiation.
Hormone production and secretion.
Immune function.
Electrolyte balance. |
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Term
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Definition
Interactions with calcium and copper.
Pigs - Seen when fed high Ca or Cu rations. Reduced appetite and growth, parakeratosis.
Calves - Inflammation of nose and mouth, joints swollen and stiff. Parakeratosis.
Chicks - reduced growth, foot and bone abnormalities, frizzled feathers, parakeratosis. |
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Term
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Definition
Depressed food consumption.
Induced copper deficiency. |
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Term
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Definition
Glucose metabolism.
Lipid synthesis and protein metabolism.
Supplementation in calves, improved appetite, weight gain and immune response.
Not particularly toxic. |
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Term
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Definition
Common poison.
Acute - GI haemorrhage, anaemia, liver and kidney damage.
Chronic - Osteoporosis, hydronephrosis, reduced appetite, lead lines on the gums. |
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Term
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Definition
Highly toxic.
Antagonistic with copper and zinc (increase Zn, reduce Cd absorption)
Accumulation in liver and kidney. |
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Term
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Definition
Ruminants most susceptible.
Dental pitting and wear.
Reduced appetite and production/
Lameness, bone and joint abnormalities. |
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Term
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Definition
Antioxidant enzyme - glutathionate peroxidase.
Immune response.
Iodine metabolism - thyroid function. |
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Term
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Definition
White muscle disease.
Ill thrift, reduced growth rate, decreased wool, impainred immune function.
Decreased reproductive performance.
Pigs - Mulberry heart, hepatosis dietetica.
Poultry - Pectoral myopathy, encephalomacia, exudative diathesis, pancreatic fibrosis.
Hypothyroid issues. |
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Term
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Definition
Alkali disease, blind staggers.
Lack of vitality, rough coat, hair loss, sore and sloughing hooves, stiffness and lameness, sudden death.
Inappropriate supplementation.
Se accumulator plants - Ragwort |
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