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Mineral and Crysral study Guide
Minerals and Crystals
29
Science
11th Grade
01/28/2013

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Term
what are the two main groups of minerals?
Definition
Silicate and nonsilicate
Term
which are nonsilicate crystalline stuctures?
Definition
cubes, hexagonal, prisms, irregular masses
Term
A double-chain silicate is?
Definition
two bonded single-chains
Term
what two elements must be present in a silicate?
Definition
silicon and oxygen
Term
which of the following groupings lists only minerals?
Definition
fluorite, feldspar, copper
Term
which of the following are chatoyancy and asterism associated with?
Definition
cat's eye and star
Term
a mineral is described as fluorescent when it?
Definition
glows under ultraviolet light
Term
what mineralproperty invovles iron?
Definition
magnetism
Term
because many minerals are similar in color and certain elements may change the color, color is?
Definition
NOT a goos identifier
Term
unstable atomic nuclei decay over time into stable nuclei, causing a mineralto be?
Definition
radioactive
Term
what is chatoyancy?
Definition
mineral shows a cat's-eye effect
Term
when does a phosphorescent mineral glow?
Definition
after an ultraviolet light is turned off
Term
isolated tetrahedra's?
Definition
do NOT link with silicon or oxygen atoms
Term
what is asterism?
Definition
a six-sidded star shape appears when a mineral reflects light
Term
double-chain silicates are formed when?
Definition
two single-chains of tetrahedra bond to eachother
Term
cubes, hexogonal prisms, and irregular masses are examples of?
Definition
three common nonsilicate crystalline structures.
Term
what happens when each tetrahedron shares three of its oxygen atoms with other tetragedra
Definition
sheet silicates are formed
Term
what is NOT one of the four criteria for determining whether or not a substance is a mineral?
Definition
shiny surface
Term
what is radioactivity?
Definition
unstable atomic nuclei decay over time, releasing particles and energy
Term
the color of a mineral in powdered form is called the mineral's?
Definition
streak
Term
A mineral is a natural solid that usually is?
Definition
inorganic, with characteristic physical properties.
Term
single-chain silicates are silicate crystalline structures in which tetrahedra form a?
Definition
chain by sharing oxygen atoms
Term
The hardest mineral on the mohs hardness scale is?
Definition
diamond
Term
Fluoresence is the property of a mineral that causes it to?
Definition
glow under ultraviolet light
Term
density is the ratio of?
Definition
the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance
Term
What is true of isolated tetrahedra?
Definition
They do not link with other silicon or oxygen atoms.
Term
double-chain silicates from when?
Definition
Two single-chains of tetrahedra bond to eachother
Term
Which of these are common nonsilicate crystalline structures?
Definition
cubes, hexagonal prisms, octahedral prisms, irregualr masses
Term
light that is reflected from a mineral's surface is called?
Definition
luster
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