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Mill, Utilitarianism
Overview of some of the main points from Chapter 2 "What is Utilitarianism" from Utilitarianism by John Stuart Mill (1863).
7
Philosophy
Undergraduate 1
05/08/2012

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Term
Mill, Utilitarianism - basic claim
Definition
  • Suffering and death from a lack of food, shelter, and medical care are bad
  • If it is in our power to prevent something bad from happening without thereby sacrificing anything of comparable moral importance, we ought, morally, to do it
Term

Mill, Utilitarianism - The "more than my share" Objection

Definition
  • The excuse that you wouldn't have to donate/give more money if other people just did their part
  • The reality is that while no one else may do something, it's your responsibility to take action
Term
Mill, Utilitarianism - The Cooperation Dilemma
Definition
  • If everyone gives as much as possible, we'll all have given unnesscarily (there will be excess aid)
  • This could only ever happen if we all dontaed money to the same organizaton in secret
  • Which would never happen anyway, because once a few people give all they can possibly give, the problem would be solved 
Term
Mill, Utilitarianism - Objections
Definition

Too demanding

  • Do you really have to consider the moral distinction between two buying Fritos or Sun Chips? :{|
  • However, we can form basic good habits about how to spend our money
Term
Mill, Utilitarianism - "Charity"
Definition
  • We distinguish between things that are good to do and things we ought to do 
  • Charity is not something that most people consider an obligation--it's not a moral duty
  • However, we're actually moral failures--when we fail to give all that we can possibly give, we're promoting the misery of the people less fortunat than us, people we could be helping
Term
Mill, Utilitarianism - Objections
Definition

Government responsibility, not individual

    • Just having people send a bunch of money to a charity is not the most efficient solution
    •  we should give our money to the government and let them handle this?
    • No, we should get involved! make sure that our resources (money) are being properly spent
 
Term
Mill, Utilitarianism - Objections
Definition

Population Control

  • Well, maybe this is just nature's way of controlling the population?
  • it's impossible that this is the right solution
  • we can happily say that as outsiders looking in from our
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