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Definition
| the complex and uncertain manner in which real-world events unfold, taking into account human nature and the physical and the psychological world, and how these factors influence warfare |
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| allied strategic bombing crippled German transportation networks/ halted germ war economy and the elimination of the Luftwaffe gave us air superiority |
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• Rommel attacked the US army 2 corps at kasserine pass feb 1943
• The American defeat at kasserine pass leads to general george patton being put in command of 2 corps
• The US army ground and air forces used experience to learn from and improve on the battlefield |
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| Campaigns to build foundation for Normandy invasion |
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Definition
• Battle of Atlantic
• Logistical build up
• Strategic bombing |
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• British-american forces had outrun the supply system
• Allied advance halted mid-dec 1944 aimed heavy fighting in hurtgen forest and elsewhere along the german western border |
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• Largest battle in American military history
• 600K soldiers
• 80k casualties
• 19k killed in action |
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| • US first army seizes the Remagen bridge intact on march 7 and crosses the rhine |
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• Operation provided model for pacific war
• Island hopping campaign underway
o Strike deep into Japanese empire while avoiding its strongpoints
Cut off and isolates, Japanese strongpoints no threat and left to wither in place |
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Term
| The US submarine Campaign |
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Definition
• US subs had sunk half of Japans merchant fleet and two thirds of its tankers, crippling its war economy
• Cost- the us submarine force had the highest causality rate of any branch
• US pacific submarine campaign one of the most effective campaigns of WW2 |
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• Allies set into motion a three phased plan
o Cut japan off from raw materials in SE asia
o Launch strategic bombing campaign against Japans home islands
o Invade japan and break its military power |
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Term
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Definition
| • Important turning point of the Pacific War—US could now strategically bomb Japanese home islands |
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Term
| The invasion of the Philippines |
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Definition
• Jan 1945 US invades Luzan
o Largest campaign of the pacific war
o Battle of Leyte Gulf war the` largest naval battle of US history
Virtually eliminated the jap navy and the japs are no longer a factor in the pacific war |
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Term
| The final campaign of the pacific |
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Definition
• Incendiary raids destroyed city after city in japan
• Tens of thousands dead and millions left homeless |
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Definition
• Summer of 1945 japan was severely weakened---imperial navy destroyed, major cities and industries burnt to the ground, merchant fleet decimated naval blockade had cut off raw materials and foodstuff
• Japan would not surrender
• President Truman decided to use the atomic bomb in lieu of a full scale invasion of japan; was the quickest way to stop the bloodshed in the pacific |
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Term
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Definition
• Ww2 was the most destructing conflict in human history
• Most unique non-technical aspect was unparallel death to and destruction of civilians and their property
• Destruction of 3 manifestations of evil justified the war
• The end of the war and the new atomic threat, however, brought about the onset of the cold war by the US and the soviet union |
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Term
| The Truman doctrine and “containment” |
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Definition
• President Truman finally voiced an opposition to the soviet unions expansionist policies
• March 1947—Truman gave a speech before congress that became known as the Truman doctrine
• A concept of “containment” would also shape US policy towards the soviet union in coming years |
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Definition
• 1949—15 nations joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
o come to each others aid if the were threatened by the spread of communism
o first time in US history the nation had entered such an alliance |
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Term
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Definition
| • An era of limited war emerged as a result of cold war policies and strategies |
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• First major cold war conflict
• after year-long maneuver phase, became stalemated, resembling ww1 |
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Term
| post ww2 demobilization (Korean war) |
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Definition
• following w2, the US military rapidly demobilized
• budget cuts also weakened military readiness
• army divisions in japan suffered severe training deficiencies |
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Term
The cost of being unprepared
task force smith |
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Definition
• Task force smith
o Initial US force sent to Korea was the 540-man 1st battalion, 21st infantry
o Lacked anti-tank mines and possessed only 6 anti-tank rounds
o Weapons could not penetrate North Korean tanks
o Suffered 180 casualties and ordered to conduct fighting withdrawal to taegon |
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Term
| MacArthurs three phase plan |
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Definition
• Delay
• Depend and reinforce
• Conduct an amphibious turning movement |
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Term
US military prepares to strike back
• Goals |
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Definition
| relieve the Pusan perimeter, recapture seoul, and cut north Korean supply lines in half |
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| Consequences of crossing the 38th parallel |
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Definition
• Chinese communists forces enter the war
• UN forces pushed out of north korea in a two month long retreat
• Stalemate ensues for the next 2 years |
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Definition
• Macarthur had challenged presidents authority as CINC of US military and potentially upset constitutional balance of civil military relations
• Truman dismissed macarthur on april 11 1951 for his efforts to challenge authority |
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Definition
| • 27 july 1953- Korean war officially ended with an armistice no formal peace treaty was signed |
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• Resulted in the creation of the largest standing peacetime military force in US history
• Created a “go to war now” mentality that is still present |
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Definition
• Domino theory enunciated by Eisenhower in 1954
• Predominant reason for US involvement in Vietnam |
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| Result of 1968 Offensives |
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Definition
• Cuts back on strategic bombing of north Vietnam
• Indicates willingness to negotiate a settlement
• Lbj refuses to run for reelection |
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Term
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Definition
| Code name of UN force buildup |
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Term
| Desert Storm Air Campaign |
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Definition
3 phases; 17 jan-24 feb 1991
• Phase 1; attack against iraq
• Phase2: efforts to establish air superiority in KTO
• Phase3: air power attack on iraq forces in the KTO |
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Term
| The Hundred hour ground campaign |
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Definition
• GEN Schwarzkops operational plan
o Described as “one-two punch” a right jab, followed by a knock out left hook |
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Term
| Results of General Schwarzkops' Operational Plan |
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Definition
| • Schwarzkopfs campaign strategy and coalition superiority of forces were the key to victory |
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