Term
Cosmetics as defined by the FDA |
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Definition
Articles that are intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled or otherwise applied to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness or altering the appearance. |
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Term
What is the Estheticians main focus?
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Definition
Improvement of the skins cosmetic appearance. Estheticians work only with the epidermis.
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Term
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Definition
Functional Ingredients make up the majority of a product. These ingredients do not affect the appearance of the skin but are necessary to the product formulation. Preservatives are examples of inactive functional ingredients. |
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Term
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Definition
"Active Ingredients" Cause the actual changes in the appearance of the skin. Glycerin, which hydrates the skin is an example of an active ingredient. |
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Term
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Definition
This is a proposed third category, these are products what intend to improve the skin's health and appearance. Cosmeceuticals are stronger in performance ingredients that may cause biochemical reactions and physiological effect to the skin.
*This category is not yet recognized by the FDA* |
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Term
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Definition
An ingredient that may be less likely to cause allergic reactions. |
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Term
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Definition
Ingredients that will not clog pores or cause comedones. |
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Term
What is the most frequently used cosmetic ingredient? |
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Definition
Water
Water is used both as a vehicle and a performance ingredient. |
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Term
How much water do anhydrous products contain? |
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Definition
None
Generally, the products are designed for very dry skin. |
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Term
What are Emollients?
How do emollientswork as performance ingredients? |
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Definition
Fatty materials used to lubricate and moisturize the skin. They can be either vehicles or performance ingredients.
Emollients lie on to p of the skin and prevent dehydration by traping water and decreasing TEWL, which increases moisture in the epidermis |
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Term
Which oils come from the earth? |
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Definition
Mineral & Petroleum
*both of these oils are biologically inert, meaning they do not react with other chemicals involved in the skin's function. |
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Term
What are two of the fatties plant oils? |
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Definition
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Term
Describe the uses of different plant oils? |
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Definition
Most are used for emollient properties, but some are used for their aromatic essential oils. |
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Term
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Definition
Lubricant ingredients dirived from plant oils or animal fats. |
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Term
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Definition
Oleic acid, stearic acid, and caprylic acid |
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Term
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Definition
Fatty alcohols are fatty acids that have been exposed to hydrogen. They are not drying and have a waxlice consistency. They are used as spreading agents. |
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Term
Name three fatty alcohols |
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Definition
Cetyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, and stearyl alcohol |
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Term
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Definition
They are produced from fatty acids and fatty alcohols.
Esters almost always end in "ate" on labels.
They often feel better than natural oils and lubricate more evenly. |
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Term
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Definition
isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, and clyceryl stearate. |
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Term
What are silicones as used in cosmetics? |
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Definition
Silicones are a group of oils that are chemically combined with silicon and oxygen and leave a noncomedogenic protective film on the surface of the skin. |
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Term
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Definition
Comedogenicity is the tendency of any topical substance to cause or to worsen a buildup of dead cells in the follicle, leading to the development of a comedo. |
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Term
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Definition
Surfactants are surface active agents that reduce surface tension between the skin and the product to increase product spreadability; also allow oil and water to mix; detergents and emulsifiers. |
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Term
What do Surfactants do to oil and water? |
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Definition
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Term
What are the main type of surfactants used in skin cleansing products? |
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Definition
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Term
What are some of the properties of detergents? |
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Definition
They reduce the surface tension of dirt and oil on the skin's surface and for an emulsion to lift them from the skin.
They are agents that cause cleansers to foam.
Cleansers if too strong can remove too much sebum and can actually damage the lipid barrier function of the skin. |
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Term
Name some common detergents |
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Definition
sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, and ammonium lauryl sulfate |
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Term
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Definition
Cleansers are soaps and/or detergents that clean the skin. Soaps may be combined with detergents to make cleansers. |
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